Omicron BA.4/BA.5 escape neutralizing immunity elicited by BA.1 infection.
Khadija Khan, Farina Karim, Yashica Ganga, Mallory Bernstein, Zesuliwe Jule, Kajal Reedoy, Sandile Cele, Gila Lustig, Daniel Amoako, Nicole Wolter, Natasha Samsunder, Aida Sivro, James Emmanuel San, Jennifer Giandhari, Houriiyah Tegally, Sureshnee Pillay, Yeshnee Naidoo, Matilda Mazibuko, Yoliswa Miya, Nokuthula Ngcobo, Nithendra Manickchund, Nombulelo Magula, Quarraisha Abdool Karim, Anne von Gottberg, Salim S Abdool Karim, Willem Hanekom, Bernadett I Gosnell, COMMIT-KZN Team, Richard J Lessells, Tulio de Oliveira, Mahomed-Yunus S Moosa, Alex Sigal
Nature communications 2022 Aug 10SARS-CoV-2 Omicron (B.1.1.529) BA.4 and BA.5 sub-lineages, first detected in South Africa, have changes relative to Omicron BA.1 including substitutions in the spike receptor binding domain. Here we isolated live BA.4 and BA.5 viruses and measured BA.4/BA.5 neutralization elicited by BA.1 infection either in the absence or presence of previous vaccination as well as from vaccination without BA.1 infection. In BA.1-infected unvaccinated individuals, neutralization relative to BA.1 declines 7.6-fold for BA.4 and 7.5-fold for BA.5. In vaccinated individuals with subsequent BA.1 infection, neutralization relative to BA.1 decreases 3.2-fold for BA.4 and 2.6-fold for BA.5. The fold-drop versus ancestral virus neutralization in this group is 4.0-fold for BA.1, 12.9-fold for BA.4, and 10.3-fold for BA.5. In contrast, BA.4/BA.5 escape is similar to BA.1 in the absence of BA.1 elicited immunity: fold-drop relative to ancestral virus neutralization is 19.8-fold for BA.1, 19.6-fold for BA.4, and 20.9-fold for BA.5. These results show considerable escape of BA.4/BA.5 from BA.1 elicited immunity which is moderated with vaccination and may indicate that BA.4/BA.5 may have the strongest selective advantage in evading neutralization relative to BA.1 in unvaccinated, BA.1 infected individuals. © 2022. The Author(s).
Citation
Khadija Khan, Farina Karim, Yashica Ganga, Mallory Bernstein, Zesuliwe Jule, Kajal Reedoy, Sandile Cele, Gila Lustig, Daniel Amoako, Nicole Wolter, Natasha Samsunder, Aida Sivro, James Emmanuel San, Jennifer Giandhari, Houriiyah Tegally, Sureshnee Pillay, Yeshnee Naidoo, Matilda Mazibuko, Yoliswa Miya, Nokuthula Ngcobo, Nithendra Manickchund, Nombulelo Magula, Quarraisha Abdool Karim, Anne von Gottberg, Salim S Abdool Karim, Willem Hanekom, Bernadett I Gosnell, COMMIT-KZN Team, Richard J Lessells, Tulio de Oliveira, Mahomed-Yunus S Moosa, Alex Sigal. Omicron BA.4/BA.5 escape neutralizing immunity elicited by BA.1 infection. Nature communications. 2022 Aug 10;13(1):4686
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PMID: 35948557
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