Ghrelin level as a biomarker for knee osteoarthritis severity and appearance in HIV + patients.

The Knee 2022 Dec

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Knee Osteoarthritis (KOA) is a multifactorial disease with several mechanisms to promote articular cartilage damage. New molecules, such as ghrelin, have been recently reported to participate in the pathogenesis and progression of KOA. In HIV + patients, arthralgias are the most frequent musculoskeletal manifestations, mainly affecting joints such as the knee. Also, it has been reported that HIV + patients have a reduction of ghrelin even with treatment compared to HIV- patients. However, there is no report in the literature evaluating ghrelin and KOA in the HIV + population. We aimed to evaluate whether serum ghrelin levels can function as a biomarker for OA in HIV + patients. We recruited 40 patients, 20 HIV+, and 20 HIV- controls, and grouped as follows: HIV+/KOA+; HIV+/KOA-; HIV-/KOA+; HIV-/KOA-. Clinical features were obtained during clinical visits. Peripheral blood samples were acquired to measure serum ghrelin levels. The HIV+/KOA + group significantly reduced serum ghrelin levels when compared with the other groups. Comparing the ghrelin levels with the patients' nadir of CD4+ T-cells count, we identified a statistically significant negative correlation in the KOA- group (r = -0.80, P < 0.007). An ROC curve analysis, for the accuracy of ghrelin levels to identified HIV+/KOA + from HIV+/KOA- patients, found an area under the curve of 0.83 (95 % CI 0.65-0.10; P = 0.017), with a cut-off < 4026 pg/mL serum ghrelin levels, with a sensitivity of 0.62 (95 % CI 0.32-0.86), and a specificity of 0.10 (95 % CI 0.59-0.10). This study shows the potential use of ghrelin levels as a biomarker for KOA in the high-risk HIV population that should be further analyzed. Copyright © 2022 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Citation

Jorge I Arce-Rosas, Luz A González-Hernández, Rodolfo I Cabrera-Silva, Monserrat Alvarez-Zavala, Karina Sánchez-Reyes, Gustavo A Tafoya Arreguín, Jose de Jesús Martinez Ruíz, Rodrigo Cerda de la Torre, Moisés Ramos-Solano, Jaime F Andrade-Villanueva. Ghrelin level as a biomarker for knee osteoarthritis severity and appearance in HIV + patients. The Knee. 2022 Dec;39:100-105