Mechanism and treatment of α-amanitin poisoning.

Jinfang Xue, Xiran Lou, Deyuan Ning, Ruifei Shao, Guobing Chen

Archives of toxicology 2023 Jan

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Amanita poisoning has a high mortality rate. The α-amanitin toxin in Amanita is the main lethal toxin. There is no specific detoxification drug for α-amanitin, and the clinical treatment mainly focuses on symptomatic and supportive therapy. The pathogenesis of α-amanitin mainly includes: α-amanitin can inhibit the activity of RNA polymeraseII in the nucleus, including the inhibition of the largest subunit of RNA polymeraseII, RNApb1, bridge helix, and trigger loop. In addition, α-amanitin acts in vivo through the enterohepatic circulation and transport system. α-Amanitin can cause the cell death. The existing mechanisms of cell damage mainly focus on apoptosis, oxidative stress, and autophagy. In addition to the pathogenic mechanism, α-amanitin also has a role in cancer treatment, which is the focus of current research. The mechanism of action of α-amanitin on the body is still being explored. © 2022. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.

Citation

Jinfang Xue, Xiran Lou, Deyuan Ning, Ruifei Shao, Guobing Chen. Mechanism and treatment of α-amanitin poisoning. Archives of toxicology. 2023 Jan;97(1):121-131