Epileptic diathesis: An EEG-LORETA study.

Béla Clemens, Miklós Emri, István Fekete, Klára Fekete

Clinical neurophysiology : official journal of the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology 2023 Jan

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Epileptic diathesis is an inherited neurophysiological trait that contributes to the development of all types of epilepsy. The amount of resting-state electroencephalography (EEG) theta activity is proportional to the degree of cortical excitability and epileptic diathesis. Our aim was to explore the amount and topographic distribution of theta activity in epilepsy groups. We hypothesized that the anatomical distribution of increased theta activity is independent of the epilepsy type. Patients with unmedicated idiopathic generalized epilepsy (IGE, n = 92) or focal epilepsy (FE, n = 149) and non-seizure patients with mild to moderate cerebral lesions (NONEP, n = 99) were compared to healthy controls (NC, n = 114). We analysed artifact-free EEG activity and defined multiple distributed sources of theta activity in the source space via low resolution electromagnetic tomography software. Age-corrected and Z-transformed theta values were compared across the groups. The rank of increased theta activity was IGE > FE > NONEP > NC. Both epilepsy groups showed significantly more theta activity than did the NC group. Maximum theta abnormality occurred in the medial-basal prefrontal and anterior temporal cortex in both epilepsy groups. We confirmed the hypothesis outlined above. The common topographical pattern of increased EEG theta activity is correlated with epileptic diathesis, regardless of the epilepsy type. Copyright © 2022 International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Citation

Béla Clemens, Miklós Emri, István Fekete, Klára Fekete. Epileptic diathesis: An EEG-LORETA study. Clinical neurophysiology : official journal of the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology. 2023 Jan;145:54-61