PSMC3 proteasome subunit variants are associated with neurodevelopmental delay and type I interferon production.

A critical step in preserving protein homeostasis is the recognition, binding, unfolding, and translocation of protein substrates by six AAA-ATPase proteasome subunits (ATPase-associated with various cellular activities) termed PSMC1-6, which are required for degradation of proteins by 26S proteasomes. Here, we identified 15 de novo missense variants in the PSMC3 gene encoding the AAA-ATPase proteasome subunit PSMC3/Rpt5 in 23 unrelated heterozygous patients with an autosomal dominant form of neurodevelopmental delay and intellectual disability. Expression of PSMC3 variants in mouse neuronal cultures led to altered dendrite development, and deletion of the PSMC3 fly ortholog Rpt5 impaired reversal learning capabilities in fruit flies. Structural modeling as well as proteomic and transcriptomic analyses of T cells derived from patients with PSMC3 variants implicated the PSMC3 variants in proteasome dysfunction through disruption of substrate translocation, induction of proteotoxic stress, and alterations in proteins controlling developmental and innate immune programs. The proteostatic perturbations in T cells from patients with PSMC3 variants correlated with a dysregulation in type I interferon (IFN) signaling in these T cells, which could be blocked by inhibition of the intracellular stress sensor protein kinase R (PKR). These results suggest that proteotoxic stress activated PKR in patient-derived T cells, resulting in a type I IFN response. The potential relationship among proteosome dysfunction, type I IFN production, and neurodevelopment suggests new directions in our understanding of pathogenesis in some neurodevelopmental disorders.

Citation

Frédéric Ebstein, Sébastien Küry, Victoria Most, Cory Rosenfelt, Marie-Pier Scott-Boyer, Geeske M van Woerden, Thomas Besnard, Jonas Johannes Papendorf, Maja Studencka-Turski, Tianyun Wang, Tzung-Chien Hsieh, Richard Golnik, Dustin Baldridge, Cara Forster, Charlotte de Konink, Selina M W Teurlings, Virginie Vignard, Richard H van Jaarsveld, Lesley Ades, Benjamin Cogné, Cyril Mignot, Wallid Deb, Marjolijn C J Jongmans, F Sessions Cole, Marie-José H van den Boogaard, Jennifer A Wambach, Daniel J Wegner, Sandra Yang, Vickie Hannig, Jennifer Ann Brault, Neda Zadeh, Bruce Bennetts, Boris Keren, Anne-Claire Gélineau, Zöe Powis, Meghan Towne, Kristine Bachman, Andrea Seeley, Anita E Beck, Jennifer Morrison, Rachel Westman, Kelly Averill, Theresa Brunet, Judith Haasters, Melissa T Carter, Matthew Osmond, Patricia G Wheeler, Francesca Forzano, Shehla Mohammed, Yannis Trakadis, Andrea Accogli, Rachel Harrison, Yiran Guo, Hakon Hakonarson, Sophie Rondeau, Geneviève Baujat, Giulia Barcia, René Günther Feichtinger, Johannes Adalbert Mayr, Martin Preisel, Frédéric Laumonnier, Tilmann Kallinich, Alexej Knaus, Bertrand Isidor, Peter Krawitz, Uwe Völker, Elke Hammer, Arnaud Droit, Evan E Eichler, Ype Elgersma, Peter W Hildebrand, François Bolduc, Elke Krüger, Stéphane Bézieau. PSMC3 proteasome subunit variants are associated with neurodevelopmental delay and type I interferon production. Science translational medicine. 2023 May 31;15(698):eabo3189

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PMID: 37256937

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