Beam Energy Dependence of Triton Production and Yield Ratio (N_{t}×N_{p}/N_{d}^{2}) in Au+Au Collisions at RHIC.
M I Abdulhamid, B E Aboona, J Adam, J R Adams, G Agakishiev, I Aggarwal, M M Aggarwal, Z Ahammed, A Aitbaev, I Alekseev, D M Anderson, A Aparin, S Aslam, J Atchison, G S Averichev, V Bairathi, W Baker, J G Ball Cap, K Barish, P Bhagat, A Bhasin, S Bhatta, I G Bordyuzhin, J D Brandenburg, A V Brandin, X Z Cai, H Caines, M Calderón de la Barca Sánchez, D Cebra, J Ceska, I Chakaberia, B K Chan, Z Chang, A Chatterjee, D Chen, J Chen, J H Chen, Z Chen, J Cheng, Y Cheng, S Choudhury, W Christie, X Chu, H J Crawford, G Dale-Gau, A Das, M Daugherity, T G Dedovich, I M Deppner, A A Derevschikov, A Dhamija, L Di Carlo, L Didenko, P Dixit, X Dong, J L Drachenberg, E Duckworth, J C Dunlop, J Engelage, G Eppley, S Esumi, O Evdokimov, A Ewigleben, O Eyser, R Fatemi, S Fazio, C J Feng, Y Feng, E Finch, Y Fisyak, F A Flor, C Fu, F Geurts, N Ghimire, A Gibson, K Gopal, X Gou, D Grosnick, A Gupta, A Hamed, Y Han, M D Harasty, J W Harris, H Harrison-Smith, W He, X H He, Y He, C Hu, Q Hu, Y Hu, H Huang, H Z Huang, S L Huang, T Huang, X Huang, Y Huang, Y Huang, T J Humanic, D Isenhower, M Isshiki, W W Jacobs, A Jalotra, C Jena, Y Ji, J Jia, C Jin, X Ju, E G Judd, S Kabana, M L Kabir, D Kalinkin, K Kang, D Kapukchyan, K Kauder, H W Ke, D Keane, A Kechechyan, M Kelsey, B Kimelman, A Kiselev, A G Knospe, H S Ko, L Kochenda, A A Korobitsin, P Kravtsov, L Kumar, S Kumar, R Kunnawalkam Elayavalli, R Lacey, J M Landgraf, A Lebedev, R Lednicky, J H Lee, Y H Leung, N Lewis, C Li, W Li, X Li, Y Li, Y Li, Z Li, X Liang, Y Liang, T Lin, C Liu, F Liu, H Liu, H Liu, L Liu, T Liu, X Liu, Y Liu, Z Liu, T Ljubicic, W J Llope, O Lomicky, R S Longacre, E M Loyd, T Lu, N S Lukow, X F Luo, V B Luong, L Ma, R Ma, Y G Ma, N Magdy, D Mallick, S Margetis, H S Matis, J A Mazer, G McNamara, K Mi, N G Minaev, B Mohanty, M M Mondal, I Mooney, D A Morozov, A Mudrokh, M I Nagy, A S Nain, J D Nam, Md Nasim, D Neff, J M Nelson, D B Nemes, M Nie, G Nigmatkulov, T Niida, R Nishitani, L V Nogach, T Nonaka, G Odyniec, A Ogawa, S Oh, V A Okorokov, K Okubo, B S Page, R Pak, J Pan, A Pandav, A K Pandey, Y Panebratsev, T Pani, P Parfenov, A Paul, C Perkins, B R Pokhrel, M Posik, T Protzman, N K Pruthi, J Putschke, Z Qin, H Qiu, A Quintero, C Racz, S K Radhakrishnan, N Raha, R L Ray, H G Ritter, C W Robertson, O V Rogachevsky, M A Rosales Aguilar, D Roy, L Ruan, A K Sahoo, N R Sahoo, H Sako, S Salur, E Samigullin, S Sato, W B Schmidke, N Schmitz, J Seger, R Seto, P Seyboth, N Shah, E Shahaliev, P V Shanmuganathan, T Shao, M Sharma, N Sharma, R Sharma, S R Sharma, A I Sheikh, D Y Shen, K Shen, S S Shi, Y Shi, Q Y Shou, F Si, J Singh, S Singha, P Sinha, M J Skoby, Y Söhngen, Y Song, B Srivastava, T D S Stanislaus, D J Stewart, M Strikhanov, B Stringfellow, Y Su, C Sun, X Sun, Y Sun, Y Sun, B Surrow, D N Svirida, Z W Sweger, A Tamis, A H Tang, Z Tang, A Taranenko, T Tarnowsky, J H Thomas, D Tlusty, T Todoroki, M V Tokarev, C A Tomkiel, S Trentalange, R E Tribble, P Tribedy, O D Tsai, C Y Tsang, Z Tu, T Ullrich, D G Underwood, I Upsal, G Van Buren, A N Vasiliev, V Verkest, F Videbæk, S Vokal, S A Voloshin, F Wang, G Wang, J S Wang, X Wang, Y Wang, Y Wang, Y Wang, Z Wang, J C Webb, P C Weidenkaff, G D Westfall, H Wieman, G Wilks, S W Wissink, J Wu, J Wu, X Wu, Y Wu, B Xi, Z G Xiao, G Xie, W Xie, H Xu, N Xu, Q H Xu, Y Xu, Y Xu, Z Xu, Z Xu, G Yan, Z Yan, C Yang, Q Yang, S Yang, Y Yang, Z Ye, Z Ye, L Yi, K Yip, N Yu, Y Yu, W Zha, C Zhang, D Zhang, J Zhang, S Zhang, X Zhang, Y Zhang, Y Zhang, Y Zhang, Z J Zhang, Z Zhang, Z Zhang, F Zhao, J Zhao, M Zhao, C Zhou, J Zhou, S Zhou, Y Zhou, X Zhu, M Zurek, M Zyzak, STAR Collaboration
Physical review letters 2023 May 19We report the triton (t) production in midrapidity (|y|<0.5) Au+Au collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=7.7-200 GeV measured by the STAR experiment from the first phase of the beam energy scan at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider. The nuclear compound yield ratio (N_{t}×N_{p}/N_{d}^{2}), which is predicted to be sensitive to the fluctuation of local neutron density, is observed to decrease monotonically with increasing charged-particle multiplicity (dN_{ch}/dη) and follows a scaling behavior. The dN_{ch}/dη dependence of the yield ratio is compared to calculations from coalescence and thermal models. Enhancements in the yield ratios relative to the coalescence baseline are observed in the 0%-10% most central collisions at 19.6 and 27 GeV, with a significance of 2.3σ and 3.4σ, respectively, giving a combined significance of 4.1σ. The enhancements are not observed in peripheral collisions or model calculations without critical fluctuation, and decreases with a smaller p_{T} acceptance. The physics implications of these results on the QCD phase structure and the production mechanism of light nuclei in heavy-ion collisions are discussed.
Citation
M I Abdulhamid, B E Aboona, J Adam, J R Adams, G Agakishiev, I Aggarwal, M M Aggarwal, Z Ahammed, A Aitbaev, I Alekseev, D M Anderson, A Aparin, S Aslam, J Atchison, G S Averichev, V Bairathi, W Baker, J G Ball Cap, K Barish, P Bhagat, A Bhasin, S Bhatta, I G Bordyuzhin, J D Brandenburg, A V Brandin, X Z Cai, H Caines, M Calderón de la Barca Sánchez, D Cebra, J Ceska, I Chakaberia, B K Chan, Z Chang, A Chatterjee, D Chen, J Chen, J H Chen, Z Chen, J Cheng, Y Cheng, S Choudhury, W Christie, X Chu, H J Crawford, G Dale-Gau, A Das, M Daugherity, T G Dedovich, I M Deppner, A A Derevschikov, A Dhamija, L Di Carlo, L Didenko, P Dixit, X Dong, J L Drachenberg, E Duckworth, J C Dunlop, J Engelage, G Eppley, S Esumi, O Evdokimov, A Ewigleben, O Eyser, R Fatemi, S Fazio, C J Feng, Y Feng, E Finch, Y Fisyak, F A Flor, C Fu, F Geurts, N Ghimire, A Gibson, K Gopal, X Gou, D Grosnick, A Gupta, A Hamed, Y Han, M D Harasty, J W Harris, H Harrison-Smith, W He, X H He, Y He, C Hu, Q Hu, Y Hu, H Huang, H Z Huang, S L Huang, T Huang, X Huang, Y Huang, Y Huang, T J Humanic, D Isenhower, M Isshiki, W W Jacobs, A Jalotra, C Jena, Y Ji, J Jia, C Jin, X Ju, E G Judd, S Kabana, M L Kabir, D Kalinkin, K Kang, D Kapukchyan, K Kauder, H W Ke, D Keane, A Kechechyan, M Kelsey, B Kimelman, A Kiselev, A G Knospe, H S Ko, L Kochenda, A A Korobitsin, P Kravtsov, L Kumar, S Kumar, R Kunnawalkam Elayavalli, R Lacey, J M Landgraf, A Lebedev, R Lednicky, J H Lee, Y H Leung, N Lewis, C Li, W Li, X Li, Y Li, Y Li, Z Li, X Liang, Y Liang, T Lin, C Liu, F Liu, H Liu, H Liu, L Liu, T Liu, X Liu, Y Liu, Z Liu, T Ljubicic, W J Llope, O Lomicky, R S Longacre, E M Loyd, T Lu, N S Lukow, X F Luo, V B Luong, L Ma, R Ma, Y G Ma, N Magdy, D Mallick, S Margetis, H S Matis, J A Mazer, G McNamara, K Mi, N G Minaev, B Mohanty, M M Mondal, I Mooney, D A Morozov, A Mudrokh, M I Nagy, A S Nain, J D Nam, Md Nasim, D Neff, J M Nelson, D B Nemes, M Nie, G Nigmatkulov, T Niida, R Nishitani, L V Nogach, T Nonaka, G Odyniec, A Ogawa, S Oh, V A Okorokov, K Okubo, B S Page, R Pak, J Pan, A Pandav, A K Pandey, Y Panebratsev, T Pani, P Parfenov, A Paul, C Perkins, B R Pokhrel, M Posik, T Protzman, N K Pruthi, J Putschke, Z Qin, H Qiu, A Quintero, C Racz, S K Radhakrishnan, N Raha, R L Ray, H G Ritter, C W Robertson, O V Rogachevsky, M A Rosales Aguilar, D Roy, L Ruan, A K Sahoo, N R Sahoo, H Sako, S Salur, E Samigullin, S Sato, W B Schmidke, N Schmitz, J Seger, R Seto, P Seyboth, N Shah, E Shahaliev, P V Shanmuganathan, T Shao, M Sharma, N Sharma, R Sharma, S R Sharma, A I Sheikh, D Y Shen, K Shen, S S Shi, Y Shi, Q Y Shou, F Si, J Singh, S Singha, P Sinha, M J Skoby, Y Söhngen, Y Song, B Srivastava, T D S Stanislaus, D J Stewart, M Strikhanov, B Stringfellow, Y Su, C Sun, X Sun, Y Sun, Y Sun, B Surrow, D N Svirida, Z W Sweger, A Tamis, A H Tang, Z Tang, A Taranenko, T Tarnowsky, J H Thomas, D Tlusty, T Todoroki, M V Tokarev, C A Tomkiel, S Trentalange, R E Tribble, P Tribedy, O D Tsai, C Y Tsang, Z Tu, T Ullrich, D G Underwood, I Upsal, G Van Buren, A N Vasiliev, V Verkest, F Videbæk, S Vokal, S A Voloshin, F Wang, G Wang, J S Wang, X Wang, Y Wang, Y Wang, Y Wang, Z Wang, J C Webb, P C Weidenkaff, G D Westfall, H Wieman, G Wilks, S W Wissink, J Wu, J Wu, X Wu, Y Wu, B Xi, Z G Xiao, G Xie, W Xie, H Xu, N Xu, Q H Xu, Y Xu, Y Xu, Z Xu, Z Xu, G Yan, Z Yan, C Yang, Q Yang, S Yang, Y Yang, Z Ye, Z Ye, L Yi, K Yip, N Yu, Y Yu, W Zha, C Zhang, D Zhang, J Zhang, S Zhang, X Zhang, Y Zhang, Y Zhang, Y Zhang, Z J Zhang, Z Zhang, Z Zhang, F Zhao, J Zhao, M Zhao, C Zhou, J Zhou, S Zhou, Y Zhou, X Zhu, M Zurek, M Zyzak, STAR Collaboration. Beam Energy Dependence of Triton Production and Yield Ratio (N_{t}×N_{p}/N_{d}^{2}) in Au+Au Collisions at RHIC. Physical review letters. 2023 May 19;130(20):202301
PMID: 37267557
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