Evaluating The Protective Effects Of Lovastatin Against Doxorubicin Induced Cardiotoxicity In Balb-C Mice.

Doxorubicin is one of the most commonly used anti-cancer drugs that treat a large number of haematological and solid malignancies. Its usage in dose and duration is nevertheless restricted by dose related organ damage, particularly cardiotoxicity. Lovastatin is a commonly prescribed drug for hypercholesterolemia and possesses remarkable antioxidant potential. Our study was aimed at evaluating and comparing its cardioprotective effect in two pre-treatment schedules against doxorubicin-induced cardiac damage. In this lab-based randomized controlled experiment, 40 BALB/c mice were randomly grouped into five groups (n=8). Group 1 served as control whereas Group 2 was given doxorubicin intraperitoneally at a dose of 10mg/kg. Group 3 received 10mg/kg of oral lovastatin for five days. Groups 4 and 5 were administered lovastatin for five and ten consecutive days correspondingly and doxorubicin was given on 3rd and 8th experimental days of these groups. Doxorubicin caused a significant rise in cardiac enzymes; Creatine kinase MB (CK-MB) and Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH) (p value ≤0.0001) whereas cardiac histological alterations were ranked as moderate. The damage was significantly attenuated by lovastatin in the ten-day study design with a p-value of ≤0.001 for both LDH and CK-MB whereas a slightly less efficient restoration was observed in the five-day design with a p value of ≤0.001 for LDH and 0.012 for CK-MB. Histological preservation in both pre-treatment schedules was in accordance with the biological markers. In doxorubicin-based regimens, pretreatment for at least seven days with an easily available and safe statin can effectively prevent its potentially life threatening cardiotoxicity.

Citation

Abeera Sikandar, Khalida Ajmal, Ayesha Afzal, Saima Rafique, Ayman Zafar, Tahira Tehseen. Evaluating The Protective Effects Of Lovastatin Against Doxorubicin Induced Cardiotoxicity In Balb-C Mice. Journal of Ayub Medical College, Abbottabad : JAMC. 2023 Apr-Jun;35(2):220-225

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PMID: 37422809

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