Detection of CYFRA 21-1 in human serum by an electrochemical immunosensor based on UiO-66-NH2@CMWCNTs and CS@AuNPs.

Ke Cai, Wei Pi, Jiangyang Qin, Chenxi Peng, Dandan Wang, Yingying Gu, Yong Mei

Colloids and surfaces. B, Biointerfaces 2023 Oct

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In this study, an electrochemical immunosensor was constructed to detect the cytokeratin 19 fragment antigen 21-1 (CYFRA 21-1) in human serum. CYFRA 21-1 is the most sensitive tumor marker of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), its content in normal human serum should be less than 3.3 ng/mL. When lung cancer cells dissolve or die, a myriad of CYFRA 21-1 is released into a tumor patient's blood circulation, and its serum content elevates strikingly. Consequently, detecting CYFRA 21-1 by an electrochemical biosensor is expected to provide a new method for the early detection and prevention of lung cancer. In this study, a composite of UiO-66-NH2 and carboxylated multi-walled carbon nanotubes (CMWCNTs) was used as the substrate material of a sensor; the resulting sensor had a large specific surface area and strong electrical conductivity. Moreover, gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) were used to bind to antibodies through an Au-S bonds. Also, a supersensitive detection of CYFRA 21-1 was achieved through the specific bindings of antigens and antibodies. Under optimal detection conditions, the change of current signal intensity of the immunosensor was proportional to the logarithm of CYFRA 21-1 concentration and had a linear relation in the range of 0.005-400 ng/mL, while the detection limit was 1.15 pg/mL (S/N = 3). The proposed immunosensor had high precision, stability, and selectivity. More importantly, the sensor was been successfully applied to detect CYFRA 21-1 in human serum with high recovery, providing a new method for early screening and dynamic monitoring of lung cancer. Copyright © 2023 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Citation

Ke Cai, Wei Pi, Jiangyang Qin, Chenxi Peng, Dandan Wang, Yingying Gu, Yong Mei. Detection of CYFRA 21-1 in human serum by an electrochemical immunosensor based on UiO-66-NH2@CMWCNTs and CS@AuNPs. Colloids and surfaces. B, Biointerfaces. 2023 Oct;230:113517