CD31 defines a subpopulation of human adipose-derived regenerative cells with potent angiogenic effects.

Scientific reports 2023 Sep 01

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Cellular heterogeneity represents a major challenge for regenerative treatment using freshly isolated Adipose Derived Regenerative Cells (ADRCs). Emerging data suggest superior efficacy of ADRCs as compared to the ex vivo expanded and more homogeneous ADRCs (= ASCs) for indications involving (micro)vascular deficiency, however, it remains unknown which ADRC cell subtypes account for the improvement. Surprisingly, we found regarding erectile dysfunction (ED) that the number of injected CD31+ ADRCs correlated positively with erectile function 12 months after one bolus of autologous ADRCs. Comprehensive in vitro and ex vivo analyses confirmed superior pro-angiogenic and paracrine effects of human CD31+ enriched ADRCs compared to the corresponding CD31- and parent ADRCs. When CD31+, CD31- and ADRCs were co-cultured in aortic ring- and corpus cavernous tube formation assays, the CD31+ ADRCs induced significantly higher tube development. This effect was corroborated using conditioned medium (CM), while quantitative mass spectrometric analysis suggested that this is likely explained by secretory pro-angiogenic proteins including DKK3, ANGPT2, ANAX2 and VIM, all enriched in CD31+ ADRC CM. Single-cell RNA sequencing showed that transcripts of the upregulated and secreted proteins were present in 9 endothelial ADRC subsets including endothelial progenitor cells in the heterogenous non-cultured ADRCs. Our data suggest that the vascular benefit of using ADRCs in regenerative medicine is dictated by CD31+ ADRCs. © 2023. Springer Nature Limited.

Citation

Pratibha Dhumale, Jakob Vennike Nielsen, Anne Cathrine Schmidt Hansen, Mark Burton, Hans Christian Beck, Mads Gustaf Jørgensen, Navid Mohamadpour Toyserkani, Martha Kirstine Haahr, Sabrina Toft Hansen, Lars Lund, Mads Thomassen, Jens Ahm Sørensen, Ditte Caroline Andersen, Charlotte Harken Jensen, Søren Paludan Sheikh. CD31 defines a subpopulation of human adipose-derived regenerative cells with potent angiogenic effects. Scientific reports. 2023 Sep 01;13(1):14401