Synergism between molecules derived from Garcinia brasiliensis and antimicrobial drugs on field isolates of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae.

Brazilian journal of microbiology : [publication of the Brazilian Society for Microbiology] 2024 Mar

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Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (M. hyopneumoniae) is one of the smallest free-living bacteria found in nature; it has an extremely small genome and lacks a cell wall. It is the main etiological agent of porcine enzootic pneumonia (EP), a chronic respiratory disease with worldwide distribution that causes significant losses in swine production. Due to the great economic impact caused by EP, new strategies for treating and controlling this agent are researched. The objective of this study was to verify the anti-M. hyopneumoniae activity of compounds derived from Garcinia brasiliensis and the synergism with the main antimicrobials used in the treatment of EP; this is the first study assessing the synergism between bioactive molecules and antimicrobial compounds in vitro against isolates of M. hyopneumoniae. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of the antimicrobials tiamulin, valnemulin, and enrofloxacin, as well as the bioactive compounds guttiferone-A (Gut-A), 7-epiculsone (7-Epic), copper 7-epiculsone (7-Epic-Cu), and benzophenone, were determined. Subsequently, the interactions of antibiotics with the compounds were evaluated using the checkerboard method. Three field M. hyopneumoniae isolates were used, and the J strain was used as a control. The MIC values of the antimicrobials compared to the field isolates were equal to and lower than those of the reference strain J. Among the compounds used, 7-Epic-Cu showed the lowest MIC value. Synergistic association was observed for Gut-A with tiamulin and valnemulin, whereas 7-Epic and 7-Epic-Cu showed synergistic action with enrofloxacin. No synergistic effect was observed for benzophenone. Despite being an initial study, the results suggest that these combinations hold promise for the treatment of infections caused by M. hyopneumoniae. © 2023. The Author(s) under exclusive licence to Sociedade Brasileira de Microbiologia.

Citation

Bruna Araújo Euzébio Alves Jacob Lopes, Leonardo Teófilo Toledo, Jessica Lobo Albuquerque Caldeira, Fábio Assad Feres Rodrigues, Mariana de Barros, Luiz Fernando Lino de Souza, Natália Fialho Gonzaga, Marcelo Henrique Dos Santos, Abelardo Silva-Júnior, Maria Aparecida Scatamburlo Moreira. Synergism between molecules derived from Garcinia brasiliensis and antimicrobial drugs on field isolates of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae. Brazilian journal of microbiology : [publication of the Brazilian Society for Microbiology]. 2024 Mar;55(1):1011-1015