Characterisation of the protein quality and composition of water kefir-fermented casein.

This study aimed to assess the technique of natural fermentation by applying water kefir to the casein protein. The diverse microorganisms and their enzymes found naturally in the water kefir can influence casein's characteristics. The fermented casein's protein quality (digestibility and secondary protein structure) and composition (total soluble solids and nutritive and non-nutritive substances) were investigated. Our findings revealed that the fermented casein's protein digestibility and total phenolic content increased from 82.46 to 88.60 % and 7.6 to 8.0 mg gallic acid equivalent/100 g, respectively. In addition, their surface charge and hydrophobicity changed from -30.06 to -34.93 mV and 286.9 to 213.7, respectively. Furthermore, the fermented casein's secondary protein components, α-helix (decreased from 13.66 to 8.21 %) and random coil (increased from 16.88 to 19.61 %), were also altered during the fermentation. Based on these findings, the water kefir fermentation approach could be an effective, practical, non-thermal approach for improving casein's protein quality and composition. Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Citation

Mohammad Alrosan, Thuan-Chew Tan, Azhar Mat Easa, Sana Gammoh, Muhammad H Alu'datt, Stan Kubow, Ali Madi Almajwal, Sofyan Maghaydah, Ammar A Razzak Mahmood, Ali Al-Qaisi, Haya AlFandi. Characterisation of the protein quality and composition of water kefir-fermented casein. Food chemistry. 2024 Jun 15;443:138574

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PMID: 38309026

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