Blood-based biomarkers of cerebral small vessel disease.

Age-associated cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) represents a clinically heterogenous condition, arising from diverse microvascular mechanisms. These lead to chronic cerebrovascular dysfunction and carry a substantial risk of subsequent stroke and vascular cognitive impairment in aging populations. Owing to advances in neuroimaging, in vivo visualization of cerebral vasculature abnormities and detection of CSVD, including lacunes, microinfarcts, microbleeds and white matter lesions, is now possible, but remains a resource-, skills- and time-intensive approach. As a result, there has been a recent proliferation of blood-based biomarker studies for CSVD aimed at developing accessible screening tools for early detection and risk stratification. However, a good understanding of the pathophysiological processes underpinning CSVD is needed to identify and assess clinically useful biomarkers. Here, we provide an overview of processes associated with CSVD pathogenesis, including endothelial injury and dysfunction, neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, perivascular neuronal damage as well as cardiovascular dysfunction. Then, we review clinical studies of the key biomolecules involved in the aforementioned processes. Lastly, we outline future trends and directions for CSVD biomarker discovery and clinical validation. Copyright © 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Citation

Liu-Yun Wu, Yuek Ling Chai, Irwin K Cheah, Rachel S L Chia, Saima Hilal, Thiruma V Arumugam, Christopher P Chen, Mitchell K P Lai. Blood-based biomarkers of cerebral small vessel disease. Ageing research reviews. 2024 Mar;95:102247

Mesh Tags

Substances

PMID: 38417710

search → result