Identification of the growth cone as a probe and driver of neuronal migration in the injured brain.

Axonal growth cones mediate axonal guidance and growth regulation. We show that migrating neurons in mice possess a growth cone at the tip of their leading process, similar to that of axons, in terms of the cytoskeletal dynamics and functional responsivity through protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type sigma (PTPσ). Migrating-neuron growth cones respond to chondroitin sulfate (CS) through PTPσ and collapse, which leads to inhibition of neuronal migration. In the presence of CS, the growth cones can revert to their extended morphology when their leading filopodia interact with heparan sulfate (HS), thus re-enabling neuronal migration. Implantation of an HS-containing biomaterial in the CS-rich injured cortex promotes the extension of the growth cone and improve the migration and regeneration of neurons, thereby enabling functional recovery. Thus, the growth cone of migrating neurons is responsive to extracellular environments and acts as a primary regulator of neuronal migration. © 2024. The Author(s).

Citation

Chikako Nakajima, Masato Sawada, Erika Umeda, Yuma Takagi, Norihiko Nakashima, Kazuya Kuboyama, Naoko Kaneko, Satoaki Yamamoto, Haruno Nakamura, Naoki Shimada, Koichiro Nakamura, Kumiko Matsuno, Shoji Uesugi, Nynke A Vepřek, Florian Küllmer, Veselin Nasufović, Hironobu Uchiyama, Masaru Nakada, Yuji Otsuka, Yasuyuki Ito, Vicente Herranz-Pérez, José Manuel García-Verdugo, Nobuhiko Ohno, Hans-Dieter Arndt, Dirk Trauner, Yasuhiko Tabata, Michihiro Igarashi, Kazunobu Sawamoto. Identification of the growth cone as a probe and driver of neuronal migration in the injured brain. Nature communications. 2024 Mar 09;15(1):1877

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PMID: 38461182

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