Neonatal Fc receptor is a functional receptor for classical human astrovirus.

Human astrovirus (HAstV) is a global cause of gastroenteritis in infants, the elderly, and the immunocompromised. However, the molecular mechanisms that control its susceptibility are not fully understood, as the functional receptor used by the virus has yet to be identified. Here, a genome-wide CRISPR-Cas9 library screen in Caco2 cells revealed that the neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn) can function as a receptor for classical HAstV (Mamastrovirus genotype 1). Deletion of FCGRT or B2M, which encode subunits of FcRn, rendered Caco2 cells and intestinal organoid cells resistant to HAstV infection. We also showed that human FcRn expression renders non-susceptible cells permissive to viral infection and that FcRn binds directly to the HAstV spike protein. Therefore, our findings provide insight into the entry mechanism of HAstV into susceptible cells. We anticipate that this information can be used to develop new therapies targeting human astroviruses, providing new strategies to treat this global health issue. © 2024 The Author(s). Genes to Cells published by Molecular Biology Society of Japan and John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd.

Citation

Kei Haga, Takashi Tokui, Kana Miyamoto, Reiko Takai-Todaka, Shiori Kudo, Azusa Ishikawa, Ryoka Ishiyama, Akiko Kato, Masaru Yokoyama, Kazuhiko Katayama, Akira Nakanishi. Neonatal Fc receptor is a functional receptor for classical human astrovirus. Genes to cells : devoted to molecular & cellular mechanisms. 2024 Nov;29(11):983-1001

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PMID: 39266307

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