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    In microgravity conditions, the consumption of Spirulina platensis (SP) as a renewable food source shows promise in mitigating osteoporosis due to its high nutritional content photosynthetic efficiency, environmental adaptability and positive effects on bone density, though the exact bioactive components and mechanisms remain unclear. Using a hindlimb suspension (HLS) model, this study investigated SP components: proteins (SPP), polysaccharides (SPS), lipids (SPL), and residue (SPR) on bone density and metabolism. Findings revealed that SPP and SPS significantly enhanced bone density and reduced oxidative stress. Activation of the FoxO3/Wnt/β-catenin pathway reduced FoxO3a expression and increased Wnt signaling molecules and β-catenin protein, boosting bone formation. Moreover, these components promoted beneficial gut bacteria like Turicibacter, reduced the Firmicutes-to-Bacteroidetes ratio, and enhanced SCFAs production, crucial for bone health. This study emphasized the potential of Spirulina nutrients in addressing space-induced osteoporosis and developing functional foods for long-term space missions. Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

    Citation

    Jian Zhang, Yaxin Huang, Ning Bai, Yuying Sun, Ke Li, Huan Ruan, Bowen Yan, Jian Hu, Nana Zhang, Hao Zhang, Wei Chen, Daming Fan. Spirulina platensis components mitigate bone density loss induced by simulated microgravity: A mechanistic insight. Food chemistry. 2025 Jan 15;463(Pt 3):141361

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    PMID: 39340915

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