Insights into Non-Metallic Magnetic Resonance Imaging Contrast Agents: Advances and Perspectives.

Traditional metal-based magnetic resonance imaging contrast agents (MRI CAs), such as gadolinium, iron, and manganese, have made significant advancements in diagnosing major diseases. However, their potential toxicity due to long-term accumulation in the brain and bones raises safety concerns. In contrast, non-metallic MRI CAs, which can produce a nuclear magnetic resonance effect, show great promise in MRI applications due to their adaptable structure and function, good biocompatibility, and excellent biodegradability. Nevertheless, the development of non-metallic MRI CAs is slow due to the inherent low magnetic sensitivity of organic compounds, their rapid metabolism, and susceptibility to reduction. Designing effective multifunctional organic compounds for high-sensitivity MRI remains a challenge. In this discussion, the mechanisms of various non-metallic MRI CAs are explored and an overview of their current status, highlighting both their advantages and potential drawbacks, is provided. The key strategies for creating high-performance MRI CAs are summarized and how different synthetic approaches affect the performance of non-metallic MRI Cas is evaluated. Last, the challenges and future prospects for these promising non-metallic MRI CAs are addressed. © 2025 Wiley‐VCH GmbH.

Citation

Yanan Wang, Xuehua Ma, Yunhao Zhang, Yanqiang Yang, Pengyu Wang, Tianxiang Chen, Changyong Gao, Chen Dong, Jianjun Zheng, Aiguo Wu. Insights into Non-Metallic Magnetic Resonance Imaging Contrast Agents: Advances and Perspectives. Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany). 2025 Mar;21(10):e2411875

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PMID: 39901535

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