Propolis: A Natural Substance with Multifaceted Properties and Activities.

Propolis (bee glue) is a complex mixture of resins, waxes, and gums, and it is a resinous exudate manufactured by honey bees to maintain the integrity of the hive and defend against external threats. This multifunctional material exhibits several striking properties. The anti-inflammatory properties of propolis have made it a subject of traditional medicine over time, from ancient Egyptian mummification to modern complementary medicine. Propolis with rich phytochemicals, such as polyphenols and flavonoids, exhibit anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticancer effects. This review describes multiple properties and uses of propolis, highlighting the role of propolis as an exceptional natural resource with high therapeutic potential.

Citation

Simona Martinotti, Gregorio Bonsignore, Elia Ranzato. Propolis: A Natural Substance with Multifaceted Properties and Activities. International journal of molecular sciences. 2025 Feb 11;26(4)

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PMID: 40003984

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