Antitumor phthalanilides active in acute and chronic Trypanosoma brucei brucei murine infections.

H C Nathan, C J Bacchi, C A Nichol, D S Duch, E A Mullaney, S H Hutner

The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene 1984 Sep

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A series of phthalanilides and related compounds were tested on a short-term, fulminating, mouse infection of Trypanosoma brucei brucei (EATRO 110 isolate). The most effective compound was [4,4'-bis (4-methylimidazolin-2-yl)-terephthalanilide] which had a cure rate of 75% at 0.1 mg/kg body weight and 100% at 0.5 mg/kg when administered as three single daily intraperitoneal injections starting 24 hours post-infection. Several related phthalanilides and similarly substituted ureas showed definite but lower activity. In tests with a chronic neurotropic T. b. brucei isolate (TREU 667), cure rates greater than 90% were obtained with 10 or 25 mg/kg [4,4'-bis(4-methylimidazolin-2-yl)-terephthalanilide]. Cured animals survived for at least 200 days after infection with no evidence of recrudescence of parasitemia or of toxicity; blood or brain homogenates of cured animals were non-infective to immunosuppressed animals. These studies indicate that this series of compounds, previously studied as antitumor agents, should be re-examined as potential trypanocides.

Citation

H C Nathan, C J Bacchi, C A Nichol, D S Duch, E A Mullaney, S H Hutner. Antitumor phthalanilides active in acute and chronic Trypanosoma brucei brucei murine infections. The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene. 1984 Sep;33(5):845-50