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QuickView for Iohexol (compound)
PubChem
| Name: | Iohexol |
|---|---|
| PubChem Compound ID: | 3730 |
| Description: | An effective non-ionic, water-soluble contrast agent which is used in myelography, arthrography, nephroangiography, arteriography, and other radiographic procedures. Its low systemic toxicity is the combined result of low chemotoxicity and low osmolality. |
| Molecular formula: | C19H26I3N3O9 |
| Molecular weight: | 821.138 g/mol |
| Synonyms: |
Iohexolum [INN-Latin]; N,N'-Bis(2,3-dihydroxypropyl)-5-(N-(2,3-dihydroxypropyl)acetamido)-2,4,6-triiodoisophthalamide; 66108-95-0; Exypaque; Iohexol [USAN:BAN:INN:JAN]; BRN 2406632; Omnipaque; Iohexol; Omnipaque (TN); Nycodenz.
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DrugBank
Identification
| Name: | Iohexol |
|---|---|
| Name (isomeric): | DB01362 |
| Drug Type: | small molecule |
| Description: | An effective non-ionic, water-soluble contrast agent which is used in myelography, arthrography, nephroangiography, arteriography, and other radiographic procedures. Its low systemic toxicity is the combined result of low chemotoxicity and low osmolality. |
| Brand: | Omnipaque, Exypaque, Nycodenz, Histodenz |
| Category: | Contrast Agents, Contrast Media |
| CAS number: | 66108-95-0 |
Pharmacology
| Indication: | Iohexol ia used in myelography, arthrography, nephroangiography, arteriography, and other radiographic procedures. |
|---|---|
| Pharmacology: | Iohexol is an effective non-ionic, water-soluble contrast agent which is used in myelography, arthrography, nephroangiography, arteriography, and other radiographic procedures. Its low systemic toxicity is the combined result of low chemotoxicity and low osmolality. |
| Mechanism of Action: |
Organic iodine compounds block x-rays as they pass through the body, thereby allowing body structures containing iodine to be delineated in contrast to those structures that do not contain iodine. The degree of opacity produced by these compounds is directly proportional to the total amount (concentration and volume) of the iodinated contrast agent...
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| Absorption: | Small amounts are absorbed through the bladder via intravesical instillation. Following intrauterine instillation, the majority of the medium within the uterine cavity is discharged into the vagina immediately upon termination of procedure. However, any medium retained in the uterine or peritoneal cavity is absorbed systemically within 60 minutes. May not be absorbed for up to 24 hours if tubes are obstructed and dilated. |
| Route of elimination: | Iohexol is absorbed from cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) into the bloodstream and is eliminated by renal excretion. No significant metabolism, deiodination, or biotransformation occurs. |
| Half Life: | Intrathecal half-life is 3.4 hours (mean). Intravascular is approximately 2 hours (with normal renal function). |
| Clearance: | 109 mL/min [Adult patients receiving 16-18 ml of iohexol (180 mgI/mL) by lumbar intrathecal injection] |
| Toxicity: | Non-ionic radiocontrast agents like iohexol are cytotoxic to renal cells. The toxic effects include apoptosis, cellular energy failure, disruption of calcium homeostasis, and disturbance of tubular cell polarity, and are thought to be linked to oxidative stress. |
| Affected organisms: | Humans and other mammals |
Interactions
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