QuickView for Nelarabine (compound)

121032-29-9; Nelarabine; 506U; 506U78; 9H-Purin-2-amine, 9beta-D-arabinofuranosyl-6-methyl-; U78; Nelzarabine; 9beta-D-Arabinofuranosyl-6-methoxy-9H-purin-2-amine; Arranon; GW 506U78.
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121032-29-9; Nelarabine; 506U; 506U78; 9H-Purin-2-amine, 9beta-D-arabinofuranosyl-6-methyl-; U78; Nelzarabine; 9beta-D-Arabinofuranosyl-6-methoxy-9H-purin-2-amine; Arranon; GW 506U78; Nelzarabine [USAN]; Nelarabine [USAN]
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GW-506U78; Nelzarabine

Nelarabine is a prodrug of the cytotoxic deoxyguanosine analogue 9-ß-D-arabinofuranosylguanine (ara-G). Nelarabine is demethylated by adenosine deaminase (ADA) to ara-G. Ara-G is then transported into cells, where it undergoes three phosphorylation steps, resulting in the formation of ara-G triphosphate (ara-GTP). In the first phosphorylation...
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Nelarabine is a prodrug of the cytotoxic deoxyguanosine analogue 9-ß-D-arabinofuranosylguanine (ara-G). Nelarabine is demethylated by adenosine deaminase (ADA) to ara-G. Ara-G is then transported into cells, where it undergoes three phosphorylation steps, resulting in the formation of ara-G triphosphate (ara-GTP). In the first phosphorylation step, ara-G is converted to ara-G monophosphate (ara-GMP). Ara-GMP is then monophosphorylated by deoxyguanosine kinase and deoxycytidine kinase to ara-G diphosphate, and then subsequently to the active ara-G triphosphate (ara-GTP). Ara-GTP is the one that exerts the pharmacological effect. Pre-clinical studies suggest that T-cells are particularly sensitive to nelarabine.
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Once nelarabine is metabolized into ara-GTP, the metabolite accumulates in leukemic blasts and incorporates into DNA to exert its S phase-specific cytotoxic effects, leading to the induction of fragmentation and apoptosis. Ara-GTP competes with endogenous deoxyGTP (dGTP) for incorporation into DNA. Once ara-GTP is incorporated at the 3' end of DNA,...
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Once nelarabine is metabolized into ara-GTP, the metabolite accumulates in leukemic blasts and incorporates into DNA to exert its S phase-specific cytotoxic effects, leading to the induction of fragmentation and apoptosis. Ara-GTP competes with endogenous deoxyGTP (dGTP) for incorporation into DNA. Once ara-GTP is incorporated at the 3' end of DNA, further DNA elongation is inhibited, which signals apoptosis and leads to cellular destruction. Additional cytotoxic activities may exist, but these are not fully understood.
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