Paraoxonase 1 and atherosclerosis-related diseases.

A direct and an indirect relationship between paraoxonase 1 (PON1) and atherosclerosis exists. Given PON1's physical location within high-density lipoprotein (HDL) particles and its recognized enzyme activity, it is certainly reasonable to suggest that PON1 facilitates the antiatherogenic nature of HDL particles. PON1 also plays a role in regulating reverse cholesterol transport, antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, antiapoptotic, vasodilative, and antithrombotic activities and several endothelial cell functions. HDL dysfunctionality is a more recent issue and seems to be centered on pathological conditions affecting HDL structure and size profiles. This review is focused on the role of PON1 status in different atherosclerosis-related diseases that we have studied over the last twenty years (coronary heart disease, acute ischemic stroke, diabetes mellitus type 2, end-stage renal disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and sarcoidosis) with the aim to determine the true value of PON1 as a biomarker. The role of PON1 in cancer is also covered, as risk factors and mechanisms underlying both atherosclerosis and cancer share common features. © 2019 International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology.

Citation

Jelena Kotur-Stevuljević, Jelena Vekić, Aleksandra Stefanović, Aleksandra Zeljković, Ana Ninić, Jasmina Ivanišević, Milica Miljković, Miron Sopić, Jelena Munjas, Marija Mihajlović, Slavica Spasić, Zorana Jelić-Ivanović, Vesna Spasojević-Kalimanovska. Paraoxonase 1 and atherosclerosis-related diseases. BioFactors (Oxford, England). 2020 Mar;46(2):193-205

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PMID: 31400246

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