Fine-needle aspiration diagnosis of clonal extramedullary hematopoiesis in a case of myeloproliferative neoplasm.

Volodymyr Shponka, Kathleen Bone, Laila Nomani, Bryan Hunt

Diagnostic cytopathology 2022 Feb

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Extramedullary hematopoiesis (EMH)-the proliferation of hematopoietic progenitors outside of the bone marrow (BM) is a well-known phenomenon in myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN). Abundant literature describes EMH at various body sites in cases of MPN, and some studies showed the presence of cytogenetic changes associated with MPN in the EMH tissues. We present a case of an 80-year-old female, with a history of MPN, presenting with mediastinal adenopathy. The transbronchial fine-needle aspiration (FNA) of the mediastinal lymph node showed EMH with atypical megakaryocytes and del(13q) demonstrated by fluorescence in situ hybridization. The subsequent BM biopsy demonstrated myelofibrosis with atypical megakaryocytes harboring the same cytogenetic abnormality. Our case highlights the capability of FNA cytology for providing accurate morphologic, immunohistochemical, and cytogenetic diagnosis of clonal EMH. © 2021 Wiley Periodicals LLC.

Citation

Volodymyr Shponka, Kathleen Bone, Laila Nomani, Bryan Hunt. Fine-needle aspiration diagnosis of clonal extramedullary hematopoiesis in a case of myeloproliferative neoplasm. Diagnostic cytopathology. 2022 Feb;50(2):E43-E46