Could different aqueous humor and plasma cytokine profiles help differentiate between ocular sarcoidosis and ocular tuberculosis?

A cross-sectional single-center study was conducted to assess cytokine levels in aqueous humor (AH) and plasma of three different uveitis entities: definite ocular sarcoidosis (OS), definite OS associated with QuantiFERON®-TB Gold test positivity (Q + OS) and presumed tubercular uveitis (TBU). Thirty-two patients (15 OS, 5 Q + OS, 12 TBU) were included. Quantification of selected cytokines was performed on blood and AH samples collected before starting any treatment. Statistical analysis was conducted using the Kruskal-Wallis test, the Mann-Whitney or Fisher test and the Principal Component Analysis (PCA). IL-6, IL-8 and IP-10 levels were higher in AH samples than in peripheral blood. In AH samples, BLC, IL-8 and IP-10 were significantly higher in definite OS than in presumptive TBU. There were no statistically significant differences in terms of cytokine levels between Q + OS and presumptive TBU. PCA showed a similar cytokine pattern in the latter two groups (IFNγ, IL-15, IL-2, IP-10, MIG), while the prevalent expression of BLC, IL-10 and MIP-3 α was seen in definite OS. The different AH and plasma cytokine profiles observed in OS compared to Q + OS and TBU may help to differentiate OS from TBU in overlapping clinical phenotypes of granulomatous uveitis (Q + OS). © 2022. This is a U.S. Government work and not under copyright protection in the US; foreign copyright protection may apply.

Citation

L De Simone, M Bonacini, R Aldigeri, F Alessandrello, V Mastrofilippo, F Gozzi, E Bolletta, C Adani, A Zerbini, G M Cavallini, L Fontana, C Salvarani, S Croci, L Cimino. Could different aqueous humor and plasma cytokine profiles help differentiate between ocular sarcoidosis and ocular tuberculosis? Inflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.]. 2022 Aug;71(7-8):949-961

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PMID: 35763079

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