The endoplasmic reticulum kinase PERK interacts with the oxidoreductase ERO1 to metabolically adapt mitochondria.

Cell reports 2023 Jan 31

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Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) homeostasis requires molecular regulators that tailor mitochondrial bioenergetics to the needs of protein folding. For instance, calnexin maintains mitochondria metabolism and mitochondria-ER contacts (MERCs) through reactive oxygen species (ROS) from NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4). However, induction of ER stress requires a quick molecular rewiring of mitochondria to adapt to new energy needs. This machinery is not characterized. We now show that the oxidoreductase ERO1⍺ covalently interacts with protein kinase RNA-like ER kinase (PERK) upon treatment with tunicamycin. The PERK-ERO1⍺ interaction requires the C-terminal active site of ERO1⍺ and cysteine 216 of PERK. Moreover, we show that the PERK-ERO1⍺ complex promotes oxidization of MERC proteins and controls mitochondrial dynamics. Using proteinaceous probes, we determined that these functions improve ER-mitochondria Ca2+ flux to maintain bioenergetics in both organelles, while limiting oxidative stress. Therefore, the PERK-ERO1⍺ complex is a key molecular machinery that allows quick metabolic adaptation to ER stress. Copyright © 2022 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Citation

Arthur Bassot, Junsheng Chen, Kei Takahashi-Yamashiro, Megan C Yap, Christine Silvia Gibhardt, Giang N T Le, Saaya Hario, Yusuke Nasu, Jack Moore, Tomas Gutiérrez, Lucas Mina, Heather Mast, Audric Moses, Rakesh Bhat, Klaus Ballanyi, Hélène Lemieux, Roberto Sitia, Ester Zito, Ivan Bogeski, Robert E Campbell, Thomas Simmen. The endoplasmic reticulum kinase PERK interacts with the oxidoreductase ERO1 to metabolically adapt mitochondria. Cell reports. 2023 Jan 31;42(1):111899