A 360° view of the inflammasome: Mechanisms of activation, cell death, and diseases.

Katherine C Barnett, Sirui Li, Kaixin Liang, Jenny P-Y Ting

Cell 2023 May 25

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Inflammasomes are critical sentinels of the innate immune system that respond to threats to the host through recognition of distinct molecules, known as pathogen- or damage-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs/DAMPs), or disruptions of cellular homeostasis, referred to as homeostasis-altering molecular processes (HAMPs) or effector-triggered immunity (ETI). Several distinct proteins nucleate inflammasomes, including NLRP1, CARD8, NLRP3, NLRP6, NLRC4/NAIP, AIM2, pyrin, and caspases-4/-5/-11. This diverse array of sensors strengthens the inflammasome response through redundancy and plasticity. Here, we present an overview of these pathways, outlining the mechanisms of inflammasome formation, subcellular regulation, and pyroptosis, and discuss the wide-reaching effects of inflammasomes in human disease. Copyright © 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Citation

Katherine C Barnett, Sirui Li, Kaixin Liang, Jenny P-Y Ting. A 360° view of the inflammasome: Mechanisms of activation, cell death, and diseases. Cell. 2023 May 25;186(11):2288-2312