Ornithine aminotransferase catalyses the conversion of L-ornithine and a 2-oxo acid to L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde and an L-amino acid. This enzyme is found in low-GC bacteria, where it is responsible for the fourth step in arginine biosynthesis, and in the mitochondrial matrix of eukaryotes, where it controls L-ornithine levels in tissues. In human hereditary ornithine aminotransferase deficiency, the elevated levels of intraocular concentrations of ornithine are responsible for gyrate atrophy, which affects the CNS and peripheral nervous system.This entry represents mitochondrial ornithine aminotransferase. Also included in this entry is ornithine aminotransferase from members of the bacterial phylum Bacteroidetes.