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QuickView for Posaconazole (compound)
PubChem
| Name: | posaconazole |
|---|---|
| PubChem Compound ID: | 10532764 |
| Molecular formula: | C37H42F2N8O4 |
| Molecular weight: | 702.77 g/mol |
DrugBank
Identification
| Name: | posaconazole |
|---|---|
| Name (isomeric): | DB01263 |
| Drug Type: | small molecule |
| Brand: | Noxafil |
| Category: | Trypanocidal Agents, Antibiotics, Antifungal |
| CAS number: | 171228-49-2 |
Pharmacology
| Indication: | For prophylaxis of invasive <em>Aspergillus</em> and <em>Candida</em> infections in patients, 13 years of age and older, who are at high risk of developing these infections due to being severely immunocompromised as a result of procedures such as hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) recipients with graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), or due to hematologic malignancies with prolonged neutropenia from chemotherapy. Also for the treatment of oropharyngeal candidiasis, including oropharyngeal candidiasis refractory to itraconazole and/or fluconazole. Posaconazole is used as an alternative treatment for invasive aspergillosis, <em>Fusarium</em> infections, and zygomycosis in patients who are intolerant of, or whose disease is refractory to, other antifungals. |
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| Pharmacology: |
Posaconazole is an antifungal agent structurally related to itraconazole. It is a drug derived from itraconzaole through the replacement of the chlorine substituents with flourine in the phenyl ring, as well as hydroxylation of the triazolone side chain. These modifications enhance the potency and spectrum of activity of the drug. Posaconazole can ...
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| Mechanism of Action: |
As a triazole antifungal agent, posaconazole exerts its antifungal activity through blockage of the cytochrome P-450 dependent enzyme, sterol 14α-demethylase, in fungi by binding to the heme cofactor located on the enzyme. This leads to the inhibition of the synthesis of ergosterol, a key component of the fungal cell membrane, and accumulatio...
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| Absorption: | Posaconazole is absorbed with a median Tmax of approximately 3 to 5 hours. |
| Protein binding: | Posaconazole is highly protein bound (>98%), predominantly to albumin. |
| Biotransformation: | Posaconazole primarily circulates as the parent compound in plasma. Of the circulating metabolites, the majority are glucuronide conjugates formed via UDP glucuronidation (phase 2 enzymes). Posaconazole does not have any major circulating oxidative (CYP450 mediated) metabolites. The excreted metabolites in urine and feces account for ~17% of the administered radiolabeled dose. |
| Route of elimination: | The excreted metabolites in urine and feces account for ~17% of the administered radiolabeled dose. |
| Half Life: | Posaconazole is eliminated with a mean half-life (t½) of 35 hours (range 20 to 66 hours). |
| Clearance: | 32 L/hr 51 L/hr [Single-Dose Suspension Administration of 200 mg, fasted] 21 L/hr [Single-Dose Suspension Administration of 200 mg, nonfat meal] 14 L/hr [Single-Dose Suspension Administration of 200 mg, high fat meal] 91 L/hr [Single-Dose Suspension Administration of 400 mg, fasted] 43 L/hr [Single-Dose Suspension Administration of 400 mg with liquid nutritional supplement (14 g fat)] |
| Toxicity: | During the clinical trials, some patients received posaconazole up to 1600 mg/day with no adverse events noted that were different from the lower doses. In addition, accidental overdose was noted in one patient who took 1200 mg BID for 3 days. No related adverse events were noted by the investigator. |
| Affected organisms: | Aspergillis, Candida and other fungi |
Interactions
| Drug interaction: |
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Targets
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