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PubChem
| Name: | Cephalexin |
|---|---|
| PubChem Compound ID: | 10521584 |
| Description: | A semisynthetic cephalosporin antibiotic with antimicrobial activity similar to that of CEPHALORIDINE or CEPHALOTHIN, but somewhat less potent. It is effective against both gram-positive and gram-negative organisms. |
| Molecular formula: | C16H17N3O4S |
| Molecular weight: | 347.39 g/mol |
DrugBank
Identification
| Name: | Cephalexin |
|---|---|
| Name (isomeric): | DB00567 |
| Drug Type: | small molecule |
| Description: | A semisynthetic cephalosporin antibiotic with antimicrobial activity similar to that of CEPHALORIDINE or CEPHALOTHIN, but somewhat less potent. It is effective against both gram-positive and gram-negative organisms. |
| Synonyms: |
Cefalexin Sodium; Cefalexina [INN-Spanish]; Cephalexin monohydrate; Cefalexin; Cephalexin 1-hydrate; Cephalexinum; Cefalessina [DCIT]; Cephalexine; Cephalexin hydrate; CEX.
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| Brand: | Neolexina, Cefadal, Kekrinal, Tokiolexin, Ceporexin, Sinthecillin, Ibrexin, Voxxim, Ortisporina, Roceph, Alsporin, Syncle, Madlexin, Sartosona, Oracef, Ceforal, Mamalexin, Fexin, Sporicef, Nufex, Cophalexin, Kidolex, Oroxin, Neokef, Zozarine, Uphalexin, Sialexin, Sencephalin, Keflex, Sporidex, Novolexin, Cefadin, Mamlexin, Lonflex, Cefadina, Keftab, Pyassan, Celexin, Syncl, Ceporex, Carnosporin, L-Keflex, Cefovit, Ceporex Forte, Panixine Disperdose, Ceporexin-E, Keflet, Cefax, Cefaleksin, Cefaloto, Durantel DS, Factagard, Cepol, Ed A-Ceph, Sepexin, Palitrex, Cepexin, Lopilexin, Erocetin, Cepastar, Cephaxin, Sanaxin, Ibilex, Pectril, Medoxine, Cephin, Alexin, Larixin, Lafarine, Check, Lenocef, Cefablan, Cefa-iskia, Cefalin, Servispor, Tepaxin, Cephanasten, Inphalex, Keforal, Biocef, Kefalospes, Kefolan, Felexin, Ceporexine, Alcephin, Durantel, Winlex, Synecl, Ospexin, Oriphex, Lexibiotico, Cefaseptin, Cephacillin |
| Category: | Cephalosporins, Anti-Bacterial Agents |
| CAS number: | 15686-71-2 |
Pharmacology
| Indication: | For the treatment of respiratory tract infections caused by <i>Streptococcus pneumoniae</i> and <i>Streptococcus pyogenes</i>; otitis media due to <i>Streptococcus pneumoniae</i>, <i>Haemophilus influenzae</i>, <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>, <i>Streptococcus pyogenes</i>, and <i>Moraxella catarrhalis</i>; skin and skin structure infections caused by <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> and/or <i>Streptococcus pyogenes</i>; bone infections caused by <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> and/or <i>Proteus mirabilis</i>; genitourinary tract infections, including acute prostatitis, caused by <i>Escherichia coli</i>, <i>Proteus mirabilis</i>, and <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i>. |
|---|---|
| Pharmacology: | Cephalexin (also called Cefalexin) is a first generation cephalosporin antibiotic. It is one of the most widely prescribed antibiotics, often used for the treatment of superficial infections that result as complications of minor wounds or lacerations. It is effective against most gram-positive bacteria. |
| Mechanism of Action: |
Cephalexin, like the penicillins, is a beta-lactam antibiotic. By binding to specific penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) located inside the bacterial cell wall, it inhibits the third and last stage of bacterial cell wall synthesis. Cell lysis is then mediated by bacterial cell wall autolytic enzymes such as autolysins; it is possible that cephalexi...
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| Absorption: | Well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract |
| Protein binding: | 14% |
| Biotransformation: | No appreciable biotransformation in the liver (90% of the drug is excreted unchanged in the urine). |
| Route of elimination: | Cephalexin is excreted in the urine by glomerular filtration and tubular secretion. Studies showed that over 90% of the drug was excreted unchanged in the urine within 8 hours. |
| Half Life: | 1 hour |
| Toxicity: | Symptoms of overdose include blood in the urine, diarrhea, nausea, upper abdominal pain, and vomiting. The oral median lethal dose of cephalexin in rats is >5000 mg/kg. |
| Affected organisms: | Enteric bacteria and other eubacteria |
Interactions
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