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QuickView for Trihexyphenidyl (compound)

Summary
General Info

PubChem

PubChem Compound 207842

PubChem Compound 207842

Name:	Trihexyphenidyl
PubChem Compound ID:	207842
Description:	One of the centrally acting MUSCARINIC ANTAGONISTS used for treatment of PARKINSONIAN DISORDERS and drug-induced extrapyramidal movement disorders and as an antispasmodic.
Molecular formula:	C₂₀H₃₂ClNO
Molecular weight:	337.927 g/mol
Synonyms:	(-)-alpha-Cyclohexyl-alpha-phenyl-1-piperidinepropanol hydrochloride; 30953-85-6; (-)-Benzhexol hydrochloride; 1-Piperidinepropanol, alpha-cyclohexyl-alpha-phenyl-, hydrochloride, (-)-

DrugBank

Identification

Name:	Trihexyphenidyl
Name (isomeric):	DB00376
Drug Type:	small molecule
Description:	One of the centrally acting MUSCARINIC ANTAGONISTS used for treatment of PARKINSONIAN DISORDERS and drug-induced extrapyramidal movement disorders and as an antispasmodic.
Synonyms:	Trihexylphenizyl; Trihexylphenidyle; Trihexyphenidyl HCl; Trihexyphenidyle [INN-French]; Trihexyphenidylum [INN-Latin]; Trihexifenidilo [INN-Spanish]; Trihexylphenidyl; Trihexyphenidyle; Triphenidyl
Brand:	Parkinane Retard, Trihexy, Trihexane, Tremin, PMS Trihexyphenidyl, Artane, Apo-Trihex, Benzhexol, Benzhexolum, Artane Sequels
Category:	Muscarinic Antagonists, Antidyskinetics, Antiparkinson Agents
CAS number:	144-11-6

Pharmacology

Indication:	Indicated for the treatment of parkinson's disease and extrapyramidal reactions caused by drugs.
Pharmacology:	Trihexyphenidyl is an anticholinergic used in the symptomatic treatment of all etiologic groups of parkinsonism and drug induced extrapyramidal reactions (except tardive dyskinesia). Trihexyphenidyl possesses both anticholinergic and antihistaminic effects, although only the former has been established as therapeutically significant in the manageme... show more » Trihexyphenidyl is an anticholinergic used in the symptomatic treatment of all etiologic groups of parkinsonism and drug induced extrapyramidal reactions (except tardive dyskinesia). Trihexyphenidyl possesses both anticholinergic and antihistaminic effects, although only the former has been established as therapeutically significant in the management of parkinsonism. show less «
Mechanism of Action:	Trihexyphenidyl is a selective M1 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor antagonist. It is able to discriminate between the M1 (cortical or neuronal) and the peripheral muscarinic subtypes (cardiac and glandular). Trihexyphenidyl partially blocks cholinergic activity in the CNS, which is responsible for the symptoms of Parkinson's disease. It is also th... show more » Trihexyphenidyl is a selective M1 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor antagonist. It is able to discriminate between the M1 (cortical or neuronal) and the peripheral muscarinic subtypes (cardiac and glandular). Trihexyphenidyl partially blocks cholinergic activity in the CNS, which is responsible for the symptoms of Parkinson's disease. It is also thought to increase the availability of dopamine, a brain chemical that is critical in the initiation and smooth control of voluntary muscle movement. show less «
Absorption:	Trihexyphenidyl is rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract.
Half Life:	3.3-4.1 hours
Toxicity:	Symptoms of overdose include mydriasis, dryness of mucous membranes, red face, atonic states of bowels and bladder, and hyperthermia in high doses. Central consequences are agitation, confusion, and hallucinations. An untreated overdose may be fatal, particular in children. Premortal signs are respiratory depression and cardiac arrest.
Affected organisms:	Humans and other mammals

Interactions

Drug interaction:

Trospium	Trospium and Trihexyphenidyl, two anticholinergics, may cause additive anticholinergic effects and enhanced adverse/toxic effects. Monitor for enhanced anticholinergic effects.
Donepezil	Possible antagonism of action
Pramlintide	The anticholinergic effects of Trihexyphenidyl may be enhanced by Pramlintide. Additive effects of reduced GI motility may occur. Pramlintide slows gastic emptying and should not be used with drugs that alter GI motility (e.g. anticholinergics). Consider alternative treatments or use caution during concomitant therapy.
Secretin	The stimulatory effect of Secretin may be reduced by anticholinergics such as Trihexyphenidyl. Concomitant use of Secretin and drugs with substantial anticholinergic effects should be avoided. If combination therapy must be used, Secretin efficacy should be closely monitored.
Tacrine	The therapeutic effects of the central acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, Tacrine, and/or the anticholinergic, Trihexyphenidyl, may be reduced due to antagonism. The interaction may be beneficial when the anticholinergic action is a side effect. Monitor for decreased efficacy of both agents.

Trospium	Trospium and Trihexyphenidyl, two anticholinergics, may cause additive anticholinergic effects and enhanced adverse/toxic effects. Monitor for enhanced anticholinergic effects.
Donepezil	Possible antagonism of action
Pramlintide	The anticholinergic effects of Trihexyphenidyl may be enhanced by Pramlintide. Additive effects of reduced GI motility may occur. Pramlintide slows gastic emptying and should not be used with drugs that alter GI motility (e.g. anticholinergics). Consider alternative treatments or use caution during concomitant therapy.
Secretin	The stimulatory effect of Secretin may be reduced by anticholinergics such as Trihexyphenidyl. Concomitant use of Secretin and drugs with substantial anticholinergic effects should be avoided. If combination therapy must be used, Secretin efficacy should be closely monitored.
Tacrine	The therapeutic effects of the central acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, Tacrine, and/or the anticholinergic, Trihexyphenidyl, may be reduced due to antagonism. The interaction may be beneficial when the anticholinergic action is a side effect. Monitor for decreased efficacy of both agents.
Triprolidine	Triprolidine and Trihexyphenidyl, two anticholinergics, may cause additive anticholinergic effects and enhance their adverse/toxic effects. Monitor for enhanced anticholinergic effects.
Rivastigmine	Possible antagonism of action
Haloperidol	The anticholinergic increases the risk of psychosis and tardive dyskinesia
Galantamine	Possible antagonism of action
Potassium Chloride	The ulcerative effects of solid oral dosage forms of KCl may be enhanced by Trihexyphenidyl, an anticholinergic. Anticholinergics slow gastric emptying, increasing the contact time between the gastrointestinal mucosa and KCl. Prolonged exposure to KCl increases the risk of gastric and intestinal irritation and ulceration. Solid oral dosage forms of KCl should be avoided; alternatives include liquid or effervescent potassium preparations.
Trimethobenzamide	Trimethobenzamide and Trihexyphenidyl, two anticholinergics, may cause additive anticholinergic effects and enhance their adverse/toxic effects. Monitor for enhanced anticholinergic effects.

Targets

Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M1

Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M2

Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M3

Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M4

Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M5