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QuickView for Tacrine (compound)


PubChem
Name: Tacrine
PubChem Compound ID: 15517
Description: A cholinesterase inhibitor that crosses the blood-brain barrier. Tacrine has been used to counter the effects of muscle relaxants, as a respiratory stimulant, and in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease and other central nervous system disorders.
Molecular formula: C13H15ClN2
Molecular weight: 234.724 g/mol
Synonyms:
Tacrine hydrochloride (USP); Tacrine hydrochloride [USAN]; 9-Acridinamine, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-, monohydrochloride; Tenakrin; Cognex; 1,2,3,4-Tetrahydroacridin-9-amine monohydrochloride; ACRIDINE, 1,2,3,4-TETRAHYDRO-9-AMINO-, MONOHYDROCHLORIDE; D02068; Acridine, 9-amino-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-, hydrochloride; 1,2,3,4-Tetrahydro-9-aminoacridine hydrochloride.
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DrugBank
Identification
Name: Tacrine
Name (isomeric): DB00382
Drug Type: small molecule
Description: A cholinesterase inhibitor that crosses the blood-brain barrier. Tacrine has been used to counter the effects of muscle relaxants, as a respiratory stimulant, and in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease and other central nervous system disorders.
Synonyms:
Tetrahydroaminocrine; Tetrahydroaminocrin; THA; Tetrahydroaminacrine; Tetrahydroaminoacridine
Brand: Cognex, Romotal
Category: Parasympathomimetics, Nootropic Agents, Cholinesterase Inhibitors
CAS number: 321-64-2
Pharmacology
Indication: For the palliative treatment of mild to moderate dementia of the Alzheimer's type.
Pharmacology:
Tacrine is a parasympathomimetic- a reversible cholinesterase inhibitor that is indicated for the treatment of mild to moderate dementia of the Alzheimer's type. An early pathophysiological feature of Alzheimer's disease that is associated with memory loss and cognitive deficits is a deficiency of acetylcholine as a result of selective loss of chol...
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Mechanism of Action:
The mechanism of tacrine is not fully known, but it is suggested that the drug is an anticholinesterase agent which reversibly binds with and inactivates cholinesterases. This inhibits the hydrolysis of acetylcholine released from functioning cholinergic neurons, thus leading to an accumulation of acetylcholine at cholinergic synapses. The result i...
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Absorption: Tacrine is rapidly absorbed. Absolute bioavailability of tacrine is approximately 17%.
Protein binding: 55%
Biotransformation: Hepatic. Cytochrome P450 1A2 is the principal isozyme involved in tacrine metabolism. The major metabolite, 1-hydroxy-tacrine (velnacrine), has central cholinergic activity.
Half Life: 2 to 4 hours
Toxicity: Overdosage with cholinesterase inhibitors can cause a cholinergic crisis characterized by severe nausea/vomiting, salivation, sweating, bradycardia, hypotension, collapse, and convulsions. Increasing muscle weakness is a possibility and may result in death if respiratory muscles are involved. The estimated median lethal dose of tacrine following a single oral dose in rats is 40 mg/kg, or approximately 12 times the maximum recommended human dose of 160 mg/day.
Affected organisms: Humans and other mammals
Interactions
Drug interaction:
CorticotropinTacrine and Corticotropin may independently exacerbate muscle weakness in myasthenia gravis patients. Monitor for additive muscle weakness effects.
HydrocortisoneTacrine and Hydrocortisone may independently exacerbate muscle weakness in myasthenia gravis patients. Monitor for additive muscle weakness effects.
TrimethobenzamideThe therapeutic effects of the central acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, Tacrine, and/or the anticholinergic, Trimethobenzamide, may be reduced due to antagonism. The interaction may be beneficial when the anticholinergic action is a side effect. Monitor for decreased efficacy of both agents.
DarifenacinThe therapeutic effects of the central acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, Tacrine, and/or the anticholinergic, Darifenacin, may be reduced due to antagonism. The interaction may be beneficial when the anticholinergic action is a side effect. Monitor for decreased efficacy of both agents.
BethanecholThe acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, Tacrine, may increase the cholinergic effects of Bethanecol, a cholinergic agonist. Monitor for increased cholinergic effects.
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