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QuickView for paclitaxel (compound)
PubChem
| Name: | Paclitaxel |
|---|---|
| PubChem Compound ID: | 36314 |
| Description: | A cyclodecane isolated from the bark of the Pacific yew tree, TAXUS BREVIFOLIA. It stabilizes MICROTUBULES in their polymerized form leading to cell death. |
| Molecular formula: | C47H51NO14 |
| Molecular weight: | 853.906 g/mol |
| Synonyms: |
Intaxel; (2aR,4S,4aS,6R,9S,11S,12S,12aR,12bS)-1,2a,3,4,4a,6,9,10,11,12,12a,12b-Dodecahydro 4,6,9,11,12,12b-hexahydroxy-4a,8,13,13-tetramethyl-7,11-methano 5Hcyclodeca(3,4)benz(1,2-b)oxet-5-one 6,12b-diacetate,; Capxol; 7,11-Methano-1H-cyclodeca[3,4]benz[1,2-b]oxete, benzenepropanoic acid deriv.; 12a,12b-dodecahydro-4,11-dihydroxy-4a,8,13,13-tetramethyl-5-oxo-7,11-methano-1H-cyclodeca(3,4)benz(1,2-b)oxet-9-yl ester; SDP-013; Paxoral; Yewtaxan; CHEBI:7887; Nova-12005.
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DrugBank
Identification
| Name: | Paclitaxel |
|---|---|
| Name (isomeric): | DB01229 |
| Drug Type: | small molecule |
| Description: | A cyclodecane isolated from the bark of the Pacific yew tree, TAXUS BREVIFOLIA. It stabilizes MICROTUBULES in their polymerized form leading to cell death. |
| Synonyms: |
7-Epipaclitaxel; 7-epi-Taxol; 7-Epitaxol; 7-epi-Paclitaxel; ABI-007
|
| Brand: | Xorane, LipoPac, Paxene, Paxceed, Abraxane, Epitaxol, Vascular Wrap, Taxol A, Taxol, Onxol |
| Category: | Antineoplastic Agents, Tubulin Modulators, Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic |
| CAS number: | 33069-62-4 |
Pharmacology
| Indication: | Used in the treatment of Kaposi's sarcoma and cancer of the lung, ovarian, and breast. |
|---|---|
| Pharmacology: |
Paclitaxel is a taxoid antineoplastic agent indicated as first-line and subsequent therapy for the treatment of advanced carcinoma of the ovary, and other various cancers including breast cancer. Paclitaxel is a novel antimicrotubule agent that promotes the assembly of microtubules from tubulin dimers and stabilizes microtubules by preventing depol...
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| Mechanism of Action: |
Paclitaxel interferes with the normal function of microtubule growth. Whereas drugs like colchicine cause the depolymerization of microtubules in vivo, paclitaxel arrests their function by having the opposite effect; it hyper-stabilizes their structure. This destroys the cell's ability to use its cytoskeleton in a flexible manner. Specifically, pac...
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| Absorption: | I.V injected |
| Protein binding: | 89%-98% |
| Biotransformation: | Hepatic. In vitro studies with human liver microsomes and tissue slices showed that paclitaxel was metabolized primarily to 6a-hydrox-ypaclitaxel by the cytochrome P450 isozyme CYP2C8; and to two minor metabolites, 3’-p-hydroxypaclitaxel and 6a, 3’-p-dihydroxypaclitaxel, by CYP3A4. |
| Route of elimination: | In 5 patients administered a 225 or 250 mg/m2 dose of radiolabeled paclitaxel as a 3-hour infusion, a mean of 71% of the radioactivity was excreted in the feces in 120 hours, and 14% was recovered in the urine. |
| Half Life: | Average distribution half-life of 0.34 hours and an average elimination half-life of 5.8 hours. |
| Clearance: | 21.7 L/h/m2 [Dose 135 mg/m2, infusion duration 24 h] 23.8 L/h/m2 [Dose 175 mg/m2, infusion duration 24 h] 7 L/h/m2 [Dose 135 mg/m2, infusion duration 3 h] 12.2 L/h/m2 [Dose 175 mg/m2, infusion duration 3 h] |
| Toxicity: | Rat (ipr) LD50=32530 µg/kg. Symptoms of overdose include bone marrow suppression, peripheral neurotoxicity, and mucositis. Overdoses in pediatric patients may be associated with acute ethanol toxicity. |
| Affected organisms: | Humans and other mammals |
Interactions
| Drug interaction: |
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