Bookmark
Forward
QuickView for Glipizide (compound)
PubChem
| Name: | Glipizide |
|---|---|
| PubChem Compound ID: | 34470 |
| Description: | An oral hypoglycemic agent which is rapidly absorbed and completely metabolized. |
| Molecular formula: | C22H28N4O4S |
| Molecular weight: | 444.548 g/mol |
| Synonyms: |
Glipizide; 29094-66-4
|
DrugBank
Identification
| Name: | Glipizide |
|---|---|
| Name (isomeric): | DB01067 |
| Drug Type: | small molecule |
| Description: | An oral hypoglycemic agent which is rapidly absorbed and completely metabolized. |
| Synonyms: |
Glipizida [INN-Spanish]; Glydiazinamide; Glipizidum [INN-Latin]
|
| Brand: | Glipizide Extended-Release Tablets, Aldiab, Glucolip, Minodiab, Melizide, Gluco-Rite, Mindiab, Glucotrol, Glyde, Dipazide, Glucotrol XL, Sucrazide, Glibetin, Napizide, Digrin, Glucozide, Glupitel, Ozidia, Metaglip, Glibenese, Glupizide, Glidiab, Glipid, Glide, Minidab, Minidiab, Glican |
| Category: | Hypoglycemic Agents |
| CAS number: | 29094-61-9 |
Pharmacology
| Indication: | For use as an adjunct to diet for the control of hyperglycemia and its associated symptomatology in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM; type II), formerly known as maturity-onset diabetes, after an adequate trial of dietary therapy has proved unsatisfactory. |
|---|---|
| Pharmacology: |
Glipizide, a second-generation sulfonylurea, is used with diet to lower blood glucose in patients with diabetes mellitus type II. The primary mode of action of glipizide in experimental animals appears to be the stimulation of insulin secretion from the beta cells of pancreatic islet tissue and is thus dependent on functioning beta cells in the pan...
show more » |
| Mechanism of Action: |
Sulfonylureas likely bind to ATP-sensitive potassium-channel receptors on the pancreatic cell surface, reducing potassium conductance and causing depolarization of the membrane. Depolarization stimulates calcium ion influx through voltage-sensitive calcium channels, raising intracellular concentrations of calcium ions, which induces the secretion, ...
show more » |
| Absorption: | Gastrointestinal absorption is uniform, rapid, and essentially complete. |
| Protein binding: | 98-99%, primarily to albumin. |
| Biotransformation: | Hepatic. The major metabolites of glipizide are products of aromatic hydroxylation and have no hypoglycemic activity. A minor metabolite which accounts for less than 2% of a dose, an acetylaminoethyl benzine derivatives, is reported to have 1/10 to 1/3 as much hypoglycemic activity as the parent compound. |
| Route of elimination: | The primary metabolites are inactive hydroxylation products and polar conjugates and are excreted mainly in the urine. |
| Half Life: | 2-5 hours |
| Toxicity: | The acute oral toxicity was extremely low in all species tested (LD50 greater than 4 g/kg). Overdosage of sulfonylureas including glipizide can produce hypoglycemia. |
| Affected organisms: | Humans and other mammals |
Interactions
| Food interaction: |
| ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Drug interaction: |
|
Targets
Enzymes
