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QuickView for Rifampin (compound)


PubChem
Name: Rifampin
PubChem Compound ID: 5381226
Description: A semisynthetic antibiotic produced from Streptomyces mediterranei. It has a broad antibacterial spectrum, including activity against several forms of Mycobacterium. In susceptible organisms it inhibits DNA-dependent RNA polymerase activity by forming a stable complex with the enzyme. It thus suppresses the initiation of RNA synthesis. Rifampin is bactericidal, and acts on both intracellular and extracellular organisms. (From Gilman et al., Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 9th ed, p1160)
Molecular formula: C43H58N4O12
Molecular weight: 822.94 g/mol
Synonyms:
Rimactane (TN); Riforal; Rimactane; Rifadin I.V.; 8-(((4-Methyl-1-piperazinyl)imino)methyl)rifamycin SV; Rifagen; AIDS088820; Rimazid; Ramp; Rifoldin.
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DrugBank
Identification
Name: Rifampin
Name (isomeric): DB01045
Drug Type: small molecule
Description: A semisynthetic antibiotic produced from Streptomyces mediterranei. It has a broad antibacterial spectrum, including activity against several forms of Mycobacterium. In susceptible organisms it inhibits DNA-dependent RNA polymerase activity by forming a stable complex with the enzyme. It thus suppresses the initiation of RNA synthesis. Rifampin is bactericidal, and acts on both intracellular and extracellular organisms. (From Gilman et al., Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 9th ed, p1160)
Synonyms:
RFP
Brand: Rifaprodin, Riforal, Archidyn, Rifaldazine, Rifadin IV, Rifamycin, Rifadine, Rimactan, Rifoldin, L-5103 Lepetit, Rifaldin, Rifaldazin, Rimactane, R/AMP, Rifagen, RAMP, Tubocin, Rifamycin Amp, Rifoldine, Rifadin, Rifampicin SV, Rifa, Rifampicin, Rofact, Rimactin, Rfamipicin, Rimazid
Brand name mixture: Rifamate(Rifampin + Isoniazid), Rifater(Isoniazid + Pyrazinaamide + Rifampin)
Category: Antibiotics, Antituberculosis Agents, Enzyme Inhibitors, Nucleic Acid Synthesis Inhibitors, Antibiotics, Antitubercular, Leprostatic Agents
CAS number: 13292-46-1
Pharmacology
Indication: For the treatment of Tuberculosis and Tuberculosis-related mycobacterial infections.
Pharmacology:
Rifampin is an antibiotic that inhibits DNA-dependent RNA polymerase activity in susceptible cells. Specifically, it interacts with bacterial RNA polymerase but does not inhibit the mammalian enzyme. It is bactericidal and has a very broad spectrum of activity against most gram-positive and gram-negative organisms (including Pseudomonas aerugino...
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Mechanism of Action: Rifampin acts via the inhibition of DNA-dependent RNA polymerase, leading to a suppression of RNA synthesis and cell death.
Absorption: Well absorbed from gastrointestinal tract.
Protein binding: 89%
Biotransformation: Primarily hepatic, rapidly deacetylated.
Route of elimination: Less than 30% of the dose is excreted in the urine as rifampin or metabolites.
Half Life: 3.35 (+/- 0.66) hours
Clearance: 0.19 +/- 0.06 L/hr/kg [300 mg IV] 0.14 +/- 0.03 L/hr/kg [600 mg IV]
Toxicity: LD50=1570 mg/kg (rat), chronic exposure may cause nausea and vomiting and unconsciousness
Affected organisms: Mycobacteria||Various gram-negative and gram-positive eubacteria
Interactions
Food interaction:
Avoid alcohol.
Take on empty stomach: 1 hour before or 2 hours after meals.
Take with a full glass of water.
Drug interaction:
RepaglinideRifampin decreases the effect of repaglinide
AcetohexamideRifampin may decrease the effect of sulfonylurea, acetohexamide.
TrazodoneThe CYP3A4 inducer, Rifampin, may decrease Trazodone efficacy by increasing Trazodone metabolism and clearance. Monitor for changes in Trazodone efficacy/toxicity if Rifampin is initiated, discontinued or dose changed.
BisoprololRifampin may decrease the serum concentration of bisprolol by increasing its metabolism.
Ethinyl EstradiolThis product may cause a slight decrease of contraceptive effect
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