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QuickView for Esmolol (compound)
PubChem
| Name: | esmolol |
|---|---|
| PubChem Compound ID: | 104769 |
| Molecular formula: | C16H26ClNO4 |
| Molecular weight: | 331.835 g/mol |
| Synonyms: |
Benzenepropanoic acid, 4-(2-hydroxy-3-((1-methylethyl)amino)propoxy)-, methyl ester, hydrochloride; 4-(2-Hydroxy-3-((1-methylethyl)amino)propoxy)benzenepropanoic acid methyl ester HCl; 81161-17-3; 81147-92-4; Esmolol hydrochloride; Esmolol hydrochloride [USAN]; Esmolol hydrochloride (JAN/USAN); (+-)-Methyl p-(2-hydroxy-3-(isopropylamino)propoxy)hydrocinnamate hydrochloride; Brevibloc (TN); D00644.
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DrugBank
Identification
| Name: | esmolol |
|---|---|
| Name (isomeric): | DB00187 |
| Drug Type: | small molecule |
| Brand: | Esmolol HCL, Esmolol Hydrochloride, Brevibloc |
| Category: | Adrenergic beta-Antagonists |
| CAS number: | 103598-03-4 |
Pharmacology
| Indication: | For the rapid control of ventricular rate in patients with atrial fibrillation or atrial flutter in perioperative, postoperative, or other emergent circumstances where short term control of ventricular rate with a short-acting agent is desirable. Also used in noncompensatory sinus tachycardia where the rapid heart rate requires specific intervention. |
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| Mechanism of Action: |
Similar to other beta-blockers, esmolol blocks the agonistic effect of the sympathetic neurotransmitters by competing for receptor binding sites. Because it predominantly blocks the beta-1 receptors in cardiac tissue, it is said to be cardioselective. In general, so-called cardioselective beta-blockers are relatively cardioselective; at lower doses...
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| Absorption: | Rapidly absorbed, steady-state blood levels for dosages from 50-300 µg/kg/min (0.05-0.3 mg/kg/mm) are obtained within five minutes. |
| Protein binding: | 55% bound to human plasma protein, while the acid metabolite is 10% bound. |
| Biotransformation: | Rapidly metabolized by hydrolysis of the ester linkage, chiefly by the esterases in the cytosol of red blood cells and not by plasma cholinesterases or red cell membrane acetylcholinesterase. Mainly in red blood cells to a free acid metabolite (with 1/1500 the activity of esmolol) and methanol. |
| Route of elimination: | Consistent with the high rate of blood-based metabolism of esmolol hydrochloride, less than 2% of the drug is excreted unchanged in the urine. The acid metabolite has an elimination half-life of about 3.7 hours and is excreted in the urine with a clearance approximately equivalent to the glomerular filtration rate. Excretion of the acid metabolite is significantly decreased in patients with renal disease, with the elimination half-life increased to about ten-fold that of normals, and plasma levels considerably elevated. |
| Half Life: | Rapid distribution half-life of about 2 minutes and an elimination half-life of about 9 minutes. The acid metabolite has an elimination half-life of about 3.7 hours. |
| Clearance: | 20 L/kg/hr [Men] |
| Toxicity: | Symptoms of overdose include cardiac arrest, bradycardia, hypotension, electromechanical dissociation and loss of consciousness. |
| Affected organisms: | Humans and other mammals |
Interactions
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Targets
