QuickView for Gliclazide (compound)

Summary
General Info

PubChem

PubChem Compound 3475

Name:	Gliclazide
PubChem Compound ID:	3475
Description:	An oral sulfonylurea hypoglycemic agent which stimulates insulin secretion.
Molecular formula:	C₁₅H₂₁N₃O₃S
Molecular weight:	323.412 g/mol
Synonyms:	KBio2_007094; Gliclazide [BAN:DCF:INN:JAN]; CHEBI:31654; Gliclazida [INN-Spanish]; Nordialex; N-(4-Methylbenzenesulfonyl)-N'-(3-azabicyclo(3.3.0)oct-3-yl)urea; DivK1c_006966; SE 1702; SpecPlus_000870; Spectrum3_001862. show more » KBio2_007094; Gliclazide [BAN:DCF:INN:JAN]; CHEBI:31654; Gliclazida [INN-Spanish]; Nordialex; N-(4-Methylbenzenesulfonyl)-N'-(3-azabicyclo(3.3.0)oct-3-yl)urea; DivK1c_006966; SE 1702; SpecPlus_000870; Spectrum3_001862; Spectrum4_000598; Gliclazide (JAN); 1-(hexahydrocyclopenta(c)pyrrol-2(1H)-yl)-3-(p-tolylsulfonyl)urea; 21187-98-4; Urea, 1-(hexahydrocyclopenta(c)pyrrol-2(1H)-yl)-3-(p-tolylsulfonyl)-; BRN 1657836; KBio1_001910; KBio3_002806; 1-(3-azabicyclo(3.3.0)oct-3-yl)-3-(p-tolylsulfonyl)urea; S 1702; S 852; KBio2_001958; Glimicron; SPBio_002556; KBio2_004526; Spectrum_001478; D01599; Gliclazidum [INN-Latin]; KBioGR_001096; KBioSS_001958; Gliclazide; Prestwick_869; Glimicron (TN); Prestwick0_000558; N-(hexahydrocyclopenta[c]pyrrol-2(1H)-ylcarbamoyl)-4-methylbenzenesulfonamide; Diamicron; Benzenesulfonamide, N-(((hexahydrocyclopenta(c)pyrrol-2(1H)-yl)amino)carbonyl)-4-methyl-; EINECS 244-260-5; Prestwick1_000558 show less «

DrugBank

Identification

Name:	Gliclazide
Name (isomeric):	DB01120
Drug Type:	small molecule
Description:	An oral sulfonylurea hypoglycemic agent which stimulates insulin secretion.
Synonyms:	1-(Hexahydrocyclopenta(c)pyrrol-2(1H)-yl)-3-(p-tolylsulfonyl)urea; Gliclazida [INN-Spanish]; Gliclazidum [INN-Latin]; N-(4-Methylbenzenesulfonyl)-N'-(3-azabicyclo(3.3.0)oct-3-yl)urea; 1-(3-Azabicyclo(3.3.0)oct-3-yl)-3-(p-tolylsulfonyl)urea
Brand:	Glimicron, Diamicron, Mylan-Gliclazide, Diamicron MR, Nordialex, PMS-Gliclazide
Category:	Hypoglycemic Agents, Sulfonylureas, Antidiabetic
CAS number:	21187-98-4

Pharmacology

Indication:	For the treatment of NIDDM in conjunction with diet and exercise.
Pharmacology:	Gliclazide is a second generation sulphonylurea which acts as a hypoglycemic agent. It stimulates β cells of the islet of Langerhans in the pancreas to release insulin. It also enhances peripheral insulin sensitivity. Overall, it potentiates insulin release and improves insulin dynamics.
Mechanism of Action:	Gliclazide binds to the β cell sulfonyl urea receptor (SUR1). This binding subsequently blocks the ATP sensitive potassium channels. The binding results in closure of the channels and leads to a resulting decrease in potassium efflux leads to depolarization of the β cells. This opens voltage-dependent calcium channels in the β cell r... show more » Gliclazide binds to the β cell sulfonyl urea receptor (SUR1). This binding subsequently blocks the ATP sensitive potassium channels. The binding results in closure of the channels and leads to a resulting decrease in potassium efflux leads to depolarization of the β cells. This opens voltage-dependent calcium channels in the β cell resulting in calmodulin activation, which in turn leads to exocytosis of insulin containing secretorty granules. show less «
Absorption:	Rapidly and well absorbed but may have wide inter- and intra-individual variability. Peak plasma concentrations occur within 4-6 hours of oral administration.
Protein binding:	94%, highly bound to plasma proteins
Biotransformation:	Extensively metabolized in the liver. Less than 1% of the orally administered dose appears unchanged in the urine. Metabolites include oxidized and hydroxylated derivates, as well as glucuronic acid conjugates.
Route of elimination:	Metabolites and conjugates are eliminated primarily by the kidneys (60-70%) and also in the feces (10-20%).
Half Life:	10.4 hours. Duration of action is 10-24 hours.
Toxicity:	LD₅₀=3000 mg/kg (orally in mice). Gliclazide and its metabolites may accumulate in those with severe hepatic and/or renal dysfunction. Symptoms of hypoglycemia include: dizziness, lack of energy, drowsiness, headache and sweating.
Affected organisms:	Humans and other mammals

Interactions

Food interaction:

Avoid alcohol.

Take without regard to meals. A consistent diet is recommended to reduce the risk of hypoglycemia.

Drug interaction:

Somatropin recombinant	Somatropin may antagonize the hypoglycemic effect of gliclazide. Monitor for changes in fasting and postprandial blood sugars.
Oxprenolol	The beta-blocker, oxprenolol, may decrease symptoms of hypoglycemia.
Bevantolol	The beta-blocker, bevantolol, may decrease symptoms of hypoglycemia.
Esmolol	The beta-blocker, esmolol, may decrease symptoms of hypoglycemia.
Metoprolol	The beta-blocker, metoprolol, may decrease symptoms of hypoglycemia.

Somatropin recombinant	Somatropin may antagonize the hypoglycemic effect of gliclazide. Monitor for changes in fasting and postprandial blood sugars.
Oxprenolol	The beta-blocker, oxprenolol, may decrease symptoms of hypoglycemia.
Bevantolol	The beta-blocker, bevantolol, may decrease symptoms of hypoglycemia.
Esmolol	The beta-blocker, esmolol, may decrease symptoms of hypoglycemia.
Metoprolol	The beta-blocker, metoprolol, may decrease symptoms of hypoglycemia.
Salsalate	The salicylate, salsalate, increases the effect of the sulfonylurea, gliclazide.
Carteolol	The beta-blocker, carteolol, may decrease symptoms of hypoglycemia.
Betaxolol	The beta-blocker, betaxolol, may decrease symptoms of hypoglycemia.
Timolol	The beta-blocker, timolol, may decrease symptoms of hypoglycemia.
Rifampin	Rifampin may decrease the effect of sulfonylurea, gliclazide.
Bisoprolol	The beta-blocker, bisoprolol, may decrease symptoms of hypoglycemia.
Magnesium salicylate	The salicylate, magnesium salicylate, increases the effect of the sulfonylurea, gliclazide.
Atenolol	The beta-blocker, atenolol, may decrease symptoms of hypoglycemia.
Glucosamine	Possible hyperglycemia
Pindolol	The beta-blocker, pindolol, may decrease symptoms of hypoglycemia.
Chloramphenicol	Chloramphenicol may increase the effect of sulfonylurea, gliclazide.
Phenylbutazone	Phenylbutazone increases the effect of the hypoglycemic agent
Nadolol	The beta-blocker, nadolol, may decrease symptoms of hypoglycemia.
Dicumarol	Dicumarol may increase the effect of sulfonylurea, gliclazide.
Propranolol	The beta-blocker, propranolol, may decrease symptoms of hypoglycemia.
Carvedilol	The beta-blocker, carvedilol, may decrease symptoms of hypoglycemia.
Practolol	The beta-blocker, practolol, may decrease symptoms of hypoglycemia.
Labetalol	The beta-blocker, labetalol, may decrease symptoms of hypoglycemia.
Sotalol	The beta-blocker, sotalol, may decrease symptoms of hypoglycemia.
Bismuth Subsalicylate	The salicylate, bismuth subsalicylate, increases the effect of the sulfonylurea, gliclazide.
Salicylate-sodium	The salicylate, salicylate-sodium, increases the effect of the sulfonylurea, gliclazide.
Clofibrate	Clofibrate may increase the effect of sulfonylurea, gliclazide.
Acebutolol	Acebutolol may decrease symptoms of hypoglycemia and increase the time required for the body to compensate for hypoglycemia.
Trisalicylate-choline	The salicylate, trisalicylate-choline, increases the effect of the sulfonylurea, gliclazide.
Penbutolol	The beta-blocker, penbutolol, may decrease symptoms of hypoglycemia.
Acetylsalicylic acid	Acetylsalicylic acid increases the effect of the sulfonylurea, gliclazide.

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Targets

ATP-binding cassette transporter sub-family C member 8

Vascular endothelial growth factor A

Enzymes

Cytochrome P450 2C9

Cytochrome P450 2C19

Carriers

Serum albumin