QuickView for Mephenytoin (compound)

Summary
General Info

PubChem

PubChem Compound 107921

Name:	Mephenytoin
PubChem Compound ID:	107921
Description:	An anticonvulsant effective in tonic-clonic epilepsy (EPILEPSY, TONIC-CLONIC). It may cause blood dyscrasias.
Molecular formula:	C₁₂H₁₄N₂O₂
Molecular weight:	218.252 g/mol
Synonyms:	Mephenytoin, D-; 2,4-Imidazolidinedione, 5-ethyl-3-methyl-5-phenyl-, (S)-; 70989-04-7; ZINC00896648; (5S)-5-Ethyl-3-methyl-5-phenyl-2,4-imidazolidinedione

DrugBank

Identification

Name:	Mephenytoin
Name (isomeric):	DB00532
Drug Type:	small molecule
Description:	An anticonvulsant effective in tonic-clonic epilepsy (EPILEPSY, TONIC-CLONIC). It may cause blood dyscrasias.
Synonyms:	Mephentoin; Methylphenetoin; Methyl Hydantoin
Brand:	Metydan, Sedantoinal, Methoin, Phenantoin, Triantoin, Gerot-Epilan, Insulton, Sacerno, Sedantional, Epiazin, Mesdontoin, Sedantoin, Mesontoin
Category:	Anticonvulsants
CAS number:	50-12-4

Pharmacology

Indication:	For the treatment of refractory partial epilepsy.
Pharmacology:	Mephenytoin is an antiepileptic drug which can be useful in the treatment of epilepsy. The primary site of action appears to be the motor cortex where spread of seizure activity is inhibited. Possibly by promoting sodium efflux from neurons, mephenytoin tends to stabilize the threshold against hyperexcitability caused by excessive stimulation or en... show more » Mephenytoin is an antiepileptic drug which can be useful in the treatment of epilepsy. The primary site of action appears to be the motor cortex where spread of seizure activity is inhibited. Possibly by promoting sodium efflux from neurons, mephenytoin tends to stabilize the threshold against hyperexcitability caused by excessive stimulation or environmental changes capable of reducing membrane sodium gradient. This includes the reduction of posttetanic potentiation at synapses. Loss of posttetanic potentiation prevents cortical seizure foci from detonating adjacent cortical areas. Mephenytoin reduces the maximal activity of brain stem centers responsible for the tonic phase of tonic-clonic (grand mal) seizures. show less «
Mechanism of Action:	The mechanism of action of mephenytoin is not definitely known, but extensive research strongly suggests that its main mechanism is to block frequency-, use- and voltage-dependent neuronal sodium channels, and therefore limit repetitive firing of action potentials.
Half Life:	Approximately 7 hours
Affected organisms:	Humans and other mammals

Interactions

Drug interaction:

Fluvoxamine	Increases the effect of hydantoin
Phenylbutazone	The NSAID, phenylbutazone, may increase the hydantoin effect of mephenytoin.
Ethinyl Estradiol	This product may cause a slight decrease of contraceptive effect
Capecitabine	Capecitabine increases the effect of hydantoin
Disopyramide	The hydantoin decreases the effect of disopyramide

Fluvoxamine	Increases the effect of hydantoin
Phenylbutazone	The NSAID, phenylbutazone, may increase the hydantoin effect of mephenytoin.
Ethinyl Estradiol	This product may cause a slight decrease of contraceptive effect
Capecitabine	Capecitabine increases the effect of hydantoin
Disopyramide	The hydantoin decreases the effect of disopyramide
Oxtriphylline	Decreased effect of both products
Methotrexate	The antineoplasic agent decreases the effect of hydantoin
Diazepam	Mephenytoin may increase the metabolism of diazepam via CYP3A4.
Midazolam	Mephenytoin may increase the metabolism of midazolam via CYP3A4.
Alprazolam	Mephenytoin may increase the metabolism of alprazolam via CYP3A4.
Estradiol	The enzyme inducer, mephenytoin, decreases the effect of the hormone agent, estradiol.
Gabapentin	Increases the effect of hydantoin
Chlorpheniramine	The antihistamine increases the effect of hydantoin
Quetiapine	Phenytoin decreases the effect of quetiapine
Felbamate	Increased phenytoin levels and decreased felbamate levels
Mebendazole	The hydantoin decreases the efficiency of mebendazole
Clozapine	Hydantoin decreases the effect of clozapine
Diethylstilbestrol	The enzyme inducer, mephenytoin, decreases the effect of the hormone agent, diethylstilbestrol.
Doxycycline	The anticonvulsant, mephenytoin, decreases the effect of doxycycline.
Conjugated Estrogens	The enzyme inducer, mephenytoin, decreases the effect of the hormone agent, conjugated estrogens.
Imatinib	The hydantoin decreases the levels of imatinib
Cyclosporine	The hydantoin decreases the effect of cyclosporine
Furosemide	The hydantoin decreases the effect of furosemide
Clorazepate	Mephenytoin may increase the metabolism of clorazepate via CYP3A4.
Omeprazole	Omeprazole increases the effect of hydantoin
Mirtazapine	The hydantoins may reduce mirtazapine plasma concentrations and pharmacological effects
Levonorgestrel	Phenytoin decreases the contraceptive effect
Itraconazole	Phenytoin decreases the effect of itraconazole
Rifampin	Rifampin decreases the effect of the hydantoin
Oxyphenbutazone	The NSAID, oxyphenbutazone, may increase the hydantoin effect of mephenytoin.
Ciprofloxacin	Decreases the hydantoin effect
Ticlopidine	Ticlopidine increases the effect of hydantoin
Aprepitant	The CYP3A4 inducer, mephenytoin, may decrease the effect of aprepitant.
Isoniazid	Isoniazid increases the effect of phenytoin in 20% of patients
Fludrocortisone	The enzyme inducer, mephenytoin, may decrease the effect of the corticosteroid, fludrocortisone.
Medroxyprogesterone	The enzyme inducer, mephenytoin, decreases the effect of the hormone agent, medroxyprogesterone.
Prednisolone	The enzyme inducer, mephenytoin, may decrease the effect of the corticosteroid, prednisolone.
Betamethasone	The enzyme inducer, mephenytoin, may decrease the effect of the corticosteroid, betamethasone.
Methadone	The hydantoin decreases the effect of methadone
Hydrocortisone	The enzyme inducer, mephenytoin, may decrease the effect of the corticosteroid, hydrocortisone.
Mexiletine	The hydantoin decreases the effect of mexiletine
Flurazepam	Mephenytoin may increase the metabolism of flurazepam via CYP3A4.
Disulfiram	Increases the effect of phenytoin
Megestrol	The enzyme inducer, mephenytoin, decreases the effect of the hormone agent, megestrol.
Felodipine	The hydantoin decreases the effect of felodipine
Fluoxetine	Fluoxetine increases the effect of phenytoin
Fluconazole	Increases the effect of hydantoin
Folic Acid	Folic acid decreases the levels of hydantoin
Prednisone	The enzyme inducer, mephenytoin, may decrease the effect of the corticosteroid, prednisone.
Clomifene	The enzyme inducer, mephenytoin, decreases the effect of the hormone agent, clomifene.
Norethindrone	This product may cause a slight decrease of contraceptive effect
Amiodarone	Increases the effect of hydantoin
Gefitinib	The CYP3A4 inducer, mephenytoin, may decrease the serum concentration and therapeutic effects of gefitinib.
Oxcarbazepine	Oxcarbazepine increases the effect of hydantoin
Dexamethasone	The enzyme inducer, mephenytoin, may decrease the effect of the corticosteroid, dexamethasone.
Lamotrigine	Phenytoin may reduce levels of lamotrigine
Divalproex sodium	Valproate increases the effect of hydantoin
Chloramphenicol	Increases phenytoin, modifies chloramphenicol
Fluorouracil	Fluorouracil increases the effect of hydantoin
Triamcinolone	The enzyme inducer, mephenytoin, may decrease the effect of the corticosteroid, triamcinolone.
Aminophylline	Decreased effect of both products
Theophylline	Decreased effect of both products
Triazolam	Mephenytoin may increase the metabolism of triazolam via CYP3A4.
Chlordiazepoxide	Mephenytoin may increase the metabolism of chlordiazepoxide via CYP3A4.
Methoxsalen	The hydantoin decreases the effect of psoralene
Cimetidine	Increases the effect of hydantoin

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Targets

Sodium channel protein type 5 subunit alpha

Enzymes